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Mahabharata — Bhishma Parva, Shloka 10

भीमसेनस्य प्रतिघातः—भगदत्तगजप्रहारः—घटोत्कचमायायुद्धम्

Bhīma’s Counteroffensive, Bhagadatta’s Elephant Assault, and Ghaṭotkaca’s Māyā Engagement

कारूष, विकुंज, मुण्ड और कुण्डीवृष आदि योद्धा राजा बृहदबलके साथ बायें पंखके स्थानमें खड़े हुए ।।

vyūḍhaṃ dṛṣṭvā tu tat sainyaṃ savyasācī parantapaḥ | dhṛṣṭadyumnena sahitaḥ pratyavyūhat saṃyuge ||

Sañjaya said: Seeing that army drawn up in battle formation, Arjuna—renowned as Savyasācī, the ambidextrous archer and a scorcher of foes—took his stand in the fight together with Dhṛṣṭadyumna and counter-arrayed his forces to meet it. He formed a most dreadful crescent-shaped array; and on its rightward point Bhīmasena shone.

व्यूढम्arrayed, formed (in battle-array)
व्यूढम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootव्यूढ (वि-√वह्/√व्यूह् क्त)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Root√दृश्
FormAbsolutive (क्त्वा), Parasmaipada (usage), Non-finite
तुbut, indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सैन्यम्army
सैन्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसैन्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सव्यसाचीAmbidextrous archer (Arjuna)
सव्यसाची:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसव्यसाचिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
परंतपःscorcher of foes
परंतपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपरंतप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धृष्टद्युम्नेनwith Dhrishtadyumna
धृष्टद्युम्नेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootधृष्टद्युम्न
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
सहितःaccompanied
सहितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसहित (√सह् क्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रत्यव्यूहतcounter-arrayed, formed a counter-formation
प्रत्यव्यूहत:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति-अव-√व्यूह्
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
संयुगेin battle
संयुगे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसंयुग
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
A
Arjuna (Savyasācī)
D
Dhṛṣṭadyumna
K
Kaurava army
B
battle formation (vyūha)
B
battlefield (saṃyuga)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores responsible action under dharma in wartime: when the opponent has already assumed a battle formation, a leader must respond with disciplined strategy rather than panic or cruelty—meeting force with organized defense to protect one’s side.

Sañjaya narrates that Arjuna observes the enemy army arranged in a vyūha and, accompanied by Dhṛṣṭadyumna, forms a counter-formation (pratyavyūha) on the battlefield to confront the Kaurava deployment.

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