Shloka 5

तत्‌ ते5हं सम्प्रवक्ष्यामि महावैशसमद्भुतम्‌,जिघांसन्तं युधां श्रेष्ठ तदा55सीत्‌ तुमुलं महत्‌ । संजय कहते हैं--राजन्‌! पाण्डवपक्षके लाखों क्षत्रियशिरोमणि महारथी विराट सेनापति शूरवीर श्वेतको आगे करके आपके पुत्र दुर्योधनको अपना बल दिखाते हुए शिखण्डीको सामने रखकर भीष्मके सुवर्णभूषित रथपर चढ़ आये। भारत! वे महारथी श्लेतकी रक्षा करना चाहते थे। इसलिये उसे मारनेकी इच्छावाले योद्धाओंमें श्रेष्ठ भीष्मपर उन्होंने धावा किया। उस समय बड़ा भयंकर युद्ध छिड़ गया

sañjaya uvāca | tat te 'haṃ sampravakṣyāmi mahāvaiśasam adbhutam | jighāṃsantaṃ yudhāṃ śreṣṭha tadā 'sīt tumulaṃ mahat ||

Sanjaya said: O King, I shall now recount to you that astonishing scene of great carnage. When the foremost of warriors advanced with the intent to slay, a vast and tumultuous battle erupted at that time.

तत्that (thing)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तेto you
ते:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormDative, Singular
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
सम्completely; well (prefixal adverb)
सम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम्
प्रवक्ष्यामिI shall tell; I will explain
प्रवक्ष्यामि:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormFuture (Simple Future/luṭ), 1st, Singular, Parasmaipada
महावैशसम्a very dreadful/slaughterous (event)
महावैशसम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमहावैशस
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अद्भुतम्wonderful; astonishing
अद्भुतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअद्भुत
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
जिघांसन्तम्wishing to kill; intending to slay
जिघांसन्तम्:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormPresent active participle (śatṛ), Masculine, Accusative, Singular
युधाम्of battles; of fights
युधाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootयुध्
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
श्रेष्ठO best (one)
श्रेष्ठ:
TypeNoun
Rootश्रेष्ठ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
तदाthen
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
आसीत्was; occurred
आसीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormImperfect (laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तुमुलम्tumultuous; fierce
तुमुलम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootतुमुल
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
महत्great
महत्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by address 'rājan')
B
Bhīṣma (implied as the target of attack in the narrative context)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames war as a realm where intention (jighāṃsā—desire to kill) rapidly produces collective catastrophe (mahāvaiśasa). It implicitly warns that even when war is pursued under kṣatriya-duty, its ethical cost is immense and must be faced without illusion.

Sañjaya tells Dhṛtarāṣṭra that he will describe an extraordinary episode of massive slaughter. He notes that when the leading warriors moved forward with lethal intent, the fighting swelled into a great, chaotic, and terrifying battle.