Shloka 14

उत्थाय च प्रधावन्तो द्वन्ड्ययुद्धमवाप्रुवन्‌ । पीडिता: पुनरन्योन्यं लुठन्तो रणमूर्थनि,जिघांसन्तं युधां श्रेष्ठ तदा55सीत्‌ तुमुलं महत्‌ । संजय कहते हैं--राजन्‌! पाण्डवपक्षके लाखों क्षत्रियशिरोमणि महारथी विराट सेनापति शूरवीर श्वेतको आगे करके आपके पुत्र दुर्योधनको अपना बल दिखाते हुए शिखण्डीको सामने रखकर भीष्मके सुवर्णभूषित रथपर चढ़ आये। भारत! वे महारथी श्लेतकी रक्षा करना चाहते थे। इसलिये उसे मारनेकी इच्छावाले योद्धाओंमें श्रेष्ठ भीष्मपर उन्होंने धावा किया। उस समय बड़ा भयंकर युद्ध छिड़ गया एक-दूसरेपर धावा करनेवाले कितने ही सैनिक गिर पड़ते और फिर उठकर खड़े हो जाते थे। खड़े होकर वे दौड़ते और परस्पर द्वन्द्ययुद्ध करने लगते थे। फिर आपसके प्रहारोंसे पीड़ित हो वे युद्धके मुहानेपर ही गिरकर लुढ़क जाते थे

sañjaya uvāca | utthāya ca pradhāvanto dvandvayuddham avāpruvan | pīḍitāḥ punar anyonyaṁ luṭhanto raṇamūrdhani jighāṁsantaṁ yudhāṁ śreṣṭhaṁ tadā āsīt tumulaṁ mahat ||

Sañjaya said: “O King, many warriors, rising again and rushing forward, entered into single combats. Struck and distressed by one another’s blows, they rolled about at the very forefront of the battlefield. As they surged to slay Bhīṣma—the foremost among fighters—the clash at that moment became vast and tumultuous.”

उत्थायhaving risen
उत्थाय:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootउत्-स्था (स्था)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), कर्तरि
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
प्रधावन्तःrunning forth
प्रधावन्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-धाव (धाव्)
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
द्वन्द्व-युद्धम्single combat (duel)
द्वन्द्व-युद्धम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्वन्द्व-युद्ध
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अवाप्रुवन्they attained/entered
अवाप्रुवन्:
TypeVerb
Rootअव-आप्
Formलङ् (imperfect), परस्मैपद, 3rd, Plural
पीडिताःafflicted, struck
पीडिताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपीडित
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
अन्योन्यम्mutually, one another
अन्योन्यम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअन्योन्य
Formadverbial accusative
लुठन्तःrolling about, writhing
लुठन्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootलुठ्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
रण-मूर्धनिon the battlefield-front / at the battle’s head
रण-मूर्धनि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण-मूर्धन्
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
जिघांसन्तम्wishing to kill
जिघांसन्तम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (जिघांस् < desiderative of हन्)
Formशतृ (present active participle, desiderative stem), Masculine, Accusative, Singular
युधाम्of battles / of fighters
युधाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootयुध्
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
श्रेष्ठम्the best, the foremost
श्रेष्ठम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रेष्ठ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तदाthen
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
आसीत्there was
आसीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
Formलङ् (imperfect), परस्मैपद, 3rd, Singular
तुमुलम्tumultuous, fierce
तुमुलम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootतुमुल
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
महत्great
महत्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by 'O King')
B
Bhīṣma

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the harsh reality of kṣatriya warfare: courage and resolve lead warriors repeatedly back into combat, yet mutual injury and collapse are inevitable. It implicitly highlights the ethical tension of battlefield duty—valor and persistence on one side, and the tragic cost in suffering and death on the other.

Sañjaya describes the battle’s front line: fighters fall, rise again, charge, and engage in duels. Under heavy blows they writhe and roll on the ground, while the overall conflict swells into a great uproar—especially as warriors press forward with the intent to kill Bhīṣma, the foremost champion.