Shloka 106

Devanagari script

पिता ते भरतश्रेष्ठ श्वेतं दृष्टवा महारथै: । वृतं त॑ं मनुजव्याघ्रैर्भीमसेनपुरोगमै:

Transliteration

pitā te bharataśreṣṭha śvetaṃ dṛṣṭvā mahārathaiḥ | vṛtaṃ taṃ manujavyāghrair bhīmasenapurogamaiḥ ||

Translation

Sañjaya said: “O best of the Bharatas, your father, seeing Śveta surrounded by great chariot-warriors—encircled by tiger-like men with Bhīmasena at their head—understood the gravity of the moment and the press of battle.”

Word by Word

• पिता: father
• पिता: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• ते: your
• ते: Sambandha
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: —, Genitive, Singular

• भरतश्रेष्ठ: O best of the Bharatas
• भरतश्रेष्ठ: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun
• Root: भरत-श्रेष्ठ
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• श्वेतम्: white (one)
• श्वेतम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: श्वेत
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश्
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral), —, —, —

• महारथैः: by great chariot-warriors
• महारथैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: महारथ
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• वृतम्: surrounded
• Type: Verb
• Root: वृ (वरणे)
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), Masculine/Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• तम्: him/that one
• तम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• मनुजव्याघ्रैः: by tiger-like men (heroes)
• मनुजव्याघ्रैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनुज-व्याघ्र
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• भीमसेनपुरोगमैः: with Bhimasena in front/led by Bhimasena
• भीमसेनपुरोगमैः: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भीमसेन-पुरोगम
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by 'your father')
• Śveta
• Bhīmasena (Bhīma)
• mahārathas (great chariot-warriors)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the ethical weight of leadership and perception in war: a ruler must clearly recognize the battlefield reality—who is protected, who is exposed, and how formations and leadership (here, Bhīma at the forefront) shape outcomes—before judging events or giving counsel.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Dhṛtarāṣṭra, observing Śveta, sees him surrounded by powerful chariot-warriors and by heroic fighters led by Bhīmasena, indicating an intense engagement and a significant tactical situation around Śveta.