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Shloka 42

Chapter 51: Saṃdhyākāla-saṃhāra

Evening Withdrawal after Arjuna’s Counter-Advance

एतदीदृशकं कृत्वा मद्रराजो नराधिप । आरुरोह रथं तूर्ण भास्वरं कृतवर्मण:,नरेश्वर! यह पराक्रम करके मद्रराज शल्य तुरंत ही कृतवर्माके तेजस्वी रथपर चढ़ गये

etad īdṛśakaṃ kṛtvā madrarājo narādhipa | āruroha rathaṃ tūrṇaṃ bhāsvaraṃ kṛtavarmaṇaḥ ||

Sañjaya said: “Having performed such a feat, O king, the Madra ruler Śalya swiftly mounted the radiant chariot of Kṛtavarman.” The verse underscores the rapid, decisive movements of warriors in battle and the practical ethics of alliance—accepting support and resources (here, a chariot) to continue one’s duty in war.

एतत्this
एतत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
ईदृशकम्such (a deed)
ईदृशकम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootईदृशक
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कृत्वाhaving done
कृत्वा:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Active, Non-finite
मद्रराजःthe king of Madra
मद्रराजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमद्रराज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नराधिपO king (lord of men)
नराधिप:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनराधिप
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
आरुरोहmounted / ascended
आरुरोह:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootरुह्
Formलिट् (Perfect), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
रथम्chariot
रथम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तूर्णम्quickly
तूर्णम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतूर्ण
भास्वरम्shining, radiant
भास्वरम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootभास्वर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
कृतवर्मणःof Kṛtavarman
कृतवर्मणः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकृतवर्मन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
Ś
Śalya (Madrarāja)
K
Kṛtavarman
R
ratha (chariot)
N
narādhipa (the king addressed, i.e., Dhṛtarāṣṭra in context)

Educational Q&A

In a dharma-framed war narrative, the verse highlights prompt, purposeful action and the pragmatic ethics of cooperation among allies: a warrior continues his duty by swiftly taking up available support to remain effective in battle.

After displaying a notable act of prowess, Śalya, king of Madra, quickly climbs onto the splendid chariot belonging to Kṛtavarman, as Sañjaya reports to the king.