Shloka 68

Chapter 47: Krauñca-vyūha Deployment and Conch-Signals

Kaurava–Pāṇḍava Readiness

Devanagari script

सो5भिवाद्य कृपं राजा कृत्वा चापि प्रदक्षिणम्‌ । उवाच दुर्धर्षतमं वाक्‍्यं वाक्यविदां वर:

Transliteration

so ’bhivādya kṛpaṃ rājā kṛtvā cāpi pradakṣiṇam | uvāca durdharṣatamaṃ vākyaṃ vākyavidāṃ varaḥ ||

Translation

Having respectfully saluted Kṛpa and also circumambulated him, King Yudhiṣṭhira—foremost among skilled speakers—addressed the most unassailable Kṛpācārya with words that were difficult to withstand.

Word by Word

• सः: he (that king)
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अभिवाद्य: having saluted
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि-√वद्
• Form: Absolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)

• कृपम्: Kripa (the preceptor)
• कृपम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृप
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• राजा: the king
• राजा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• कृत्वा: having done
• Type: Verb
• Root: √कृ
• Form: Absolutive (Gerund)

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• अपि: also
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

• प्रदक्षिणम्: circumambulation (going around to the right)
• प्रदक्षिणम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रदक्षिण
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• उवाच: said
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वच्
• Form: Perfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• दुर्धर्षतमम्: most unassailable / very formidable
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दुर्धर्ष
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular, Superlative

• वाक्यम्: speech, words
• वाक्यम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाक्य
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• वाक्यविदाम्: of the knowers of speech / eloquent ones
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाक्यविद्
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Plural

• वरः: the best
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Kṛpa (Kṛpācārya)
• Yudhiṣṭhira

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even in the midst of conflict, dharma is upheld through reverence toward elders and teachers; ethical speech and proper conduct (salutation and pradakṣiṇā) frame difficult conversations and decisions.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya narrates that King Yudhiṣṭhira respectfully greets Kṛpācārya and circumambulates him, then speaks to him—setting a formal, dharmic tone before delivering weighty words in the war context.