Shloka 39

यदग्रे चानुबन्धे च सुखं मोहनमात्मन: । निद्रालस्यप्रमादोत्थं तत्तामसमुदाह्तम्‌,जो सुख भोगकालमें तथा परिणाममें भी आत्माको मोहित करनेवाला है, वह निद्रा, आलस्य और प्रमादसे उत्पन्न सुखःई तामस कहा गया है

yad agre cānubandhe ca sukhaṁ mohanam ātmanaḥ | nidrālasyapramādotthaṁ tat tāmasam udāhṛtam ||

That pleasure which, both at the beginning and in its aftermath, deludes the self—arising from sleep, indolence, and heedlessness—is declared to be tāmasic.

यत्that which
यत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अग्रेin the beginning
अग्रे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअग्र
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अनुबन्धेin the consequence/after-effect
अनुबन्धे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअनुबन्ध
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सुखम्pleasure, happiness
सुखम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसुख
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
मोहनम्deluding, bewildering
मोहनम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमोहन
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
आत्मनःof the self
आत्मनः:
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
निद्राby sleep; from sleep
निद्रा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootनिद्रा
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
आलस्यby laziness; from laziness
आलस्य:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootआलस्य
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
प्रमादby heedlessness; from heedlessness
प्रमाद:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रमाद
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
उत्थम्arisen (from)
उत्थम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्थ
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तामसम्tamasic (of darkness/ignorance)
तामसम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootतामस
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
उदाहृतम्is said/declared
उदाहृतम्:
TypeVerb
Rootउद्-आ-हृ (उदाहरति)
FormPerfect passive participle, Singular

अजुन उवाच

A
Arjuna
Ā
ātman (self)

Educational Q&A

Pleasure that begins and ends in delusion—born of sleep, laziness, and heedlessness—is tāmasic; it undermines clarity and ethical responsibility, so it should be recognized and restrained.

In the teaching on the three guṇas and their effects, the speaker classifies kinds of happiness; here, the verse identifies the tamasic form as the comfort of inertia and negligence that clouds judgment.