Shloka 1
Bhīṣma-parva Adhyāya 16 — Saṃjaya’s Boon, Bhīṣma’s Protection, and the Dawn Arraying of Armies
Devanagari script
भीकम (2 अमान षोडशो< ध्याय: दुर्योधनकी सेनाका वर्णन संजय उवाच ततो रजन्यां व्युष्टायां शब्द: समभवन्महान् | क्रोशतां भूमिपालानां युज्यतां युज्यतामिति,संजय कहते हैं--राजन्! तदनन्तर रात्रिके अन्तमें सबेरा होते ही “रथ जोतो, युद्धके लिये तैयार हो जाओ।” इस प्रकार जोर-जोरसे बोलनेवाले राजाओंका महान् कोलाहल सब ओर छा गया
Transliteration
sañjaya uvāca | tato rajanyāṁ vyuṣṭāyāṁ śabdaḥ samabhavan mahān | krośatāṁ bhūmipālānāṁ yujyatāṁ yujyatām iti ||
Translation
Sañjaya said: “Then, when the night had ended and dawn broke, a great uproar arose on every side—kings shouting loudly, ‘Harness the chariots! Make ready, make ready for battle!’”
Word by Word
ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
FormAvyaya (ablatival adverb)
रजन्याम्in the night
रजन्याम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरजनी
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
व्युष्टायाम्when (it) had dawned / at dawn
व्युष्टायाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootव्युष्ट
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular (past passive participle used adjectivally)
शब्दःa sound, uproar
शब्दः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशब्द
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
समभवत्arose, occurred
समभवत्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + भू
FormImperfect (Laṅ), Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Singular
महान्great
महान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
क्रोशताम्of (those) shouting
क्रोशताम्:
TypeVerb
Rootक्रुश्
FormPresent active participle (Śatṛ), Genitive, Plural
भूमिपालानाम्of the kings (protectors of the earth)
भूमिपालानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootभूमिपाल
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
युज्यताम्let (them) be yoked / harness (them)!
युज्यताम्:
TypeVerb
Rootयुज्
FormImperative (Loṭ), Ātmanepada, 3rd person, Plural
युज्यताम्let (them) be yoked / harness (them)!
युज्यताम्:
TypeVerb
Rootयुज्
FormImperative (Loṭ), Ātmanepada, 3rd person, Plural
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
FormAvyaya (quotative)
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Characters & Entities
S
SañjayaD
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by ‘O King’/rājan)B
bhūmipāla (kings/rulers)C
chariots (implied by ‘yujyatām’—harnessing/yoking)Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Geographic Context
Sandhi Notes