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Shloka 23

दृष्टवा च पतितं भीष्म॑ पुत्रो दःशासनस्तव । उत्तमं जवमास्थाय द्रोणानीकमुपाद्रवत्‌,भीष्मजीको रणभूमिमें गिरा देख आपका वीर पुत्र पुरुषसिंह दुःशासन अपने भाईके भेजनेपर अपनी ही सेनासे घिरा हुआ बड़े वेगसे द्रोणाचार्यकी सेनाकी ओर दौड़ा गया। उस समय वह कौरव-सेनाको विषादमें डाल रहा था

dṛṣṭvā ca patitaṃ bhīṣmaṃ putro duḥśāsanas tava | uttamaṃ javam āsthāya droṇānīkam upādravat ||

Sañjaya said: Seeing Bhīṣma fallen, your son Duḥśāsana, gathering his utmost speed, rushed toward Droṇa’s battle-division. That sight—and the warrior’s sudden dash amid the Kaurava host’s confusion—deepened the army’s despondency as the struggle pressed on.

दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), परस्मैपद-भाव (indeclinable verbal form)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पतितम्fallen
पतितम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपतित
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
भीष्मम्Bhishma
भीष्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पुत्रःson
पुत्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दुःशासनःDuhshasana
दुःशासनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुःशासन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तवof you/your
तव:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Singular
उत्तमम्excellent; very great
उत्तमम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्तम
FormMasculine/Neuter, Accusative, Singular
जवम्speed
जवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आस्थायhaving assumed/taken up
आस्थाय:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootआ-स्था
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), परस्मैपद-भाव (indeclinable verbal form)
द्रोण-अनीकम्Drona's army/host
द्रोण-अनीकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोण + अनीक
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
उपाद्रवत्ran up/charged towards
उपाद्रवत्:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-आ-द्रु
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
B
Bhīṣma
D
Duḥśāsana
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
D
Droṇa
D
Droṇānīka (Droṇa’s division/formation)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how the fall of a central protector (Bhīṣma) shakes collective morale and forces rapid shifts in command and reliance. Ethically, it underscores the fragility of power built on a single pillar and the battlefield reality that duty-driven action often proceeds amid grief and confusion.

After Bhīṣma is seen fallen, Duḥśāsana reacts immediately by mustering great speed and charging toward Droṇa’s division, indicating a tactical regrouping around Droṇa as the next principal commander, while the Kaurava forces sink into despondency.