Shloka 31
Devanagari script
सोअन्यत् कार्मुकमादाय समरे भारसाधनम् | माद्रीपुत्रं सुसंहृष्टो दशभिर्निशितै: शरै:
Transliteration
so 'nyat kārmukam ādāya samare bhārasādhanam | mādrīputraṁ susaṁhṛṣṭo daśabhir niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ ||
Translation
Sañjaya said: Then, taking up another bow—an instrument fit to bear the strain of battle—he, exultant, struck the son of Mādrī with ten razor-sharp arrows.
Word by Word
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अन्यत्another
अन्यत्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कार्मुकम्bow
कार्मुकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकार्मुक
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आदायhaving taken
आदाय:
TypeVerb
Rootआ + दा
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for gerund)
समरेin battle
समरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
भारसाधनम्capable of bearing a heavy load (strong)
भारसाधनम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootभारसाधन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
माद्रीपुत्रम्the son of Madri
माद्रीपुत्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमाद्रीपुत्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सुसंहृष्टःhighly delighted / exultant
सुसंहृष्टः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसु + संहृष्ट
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past participle used adjectivally)
दशभिःwith ten
दशभिः:
Karana
TypeNumeral
Rootदशन्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
निशितैःsharp
निशितैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootनिशित
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural, क्त (past participle used adjectivally)
शरैःarrows
शरैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Characters & Entities
S
SañjayaM
MādrīM
Mādrīputra (Nakula or Sahadeva)B
bow (kārmuka)A
arrows (śara)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Cross References
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The verse highlights the kṣatriya ethos of steadfast action in battle—skill, readiness, and resolve—while implicitly reminding the reader that even justified warfare carries moral gravity when directed against worthy opponents.
In Sañjaya’s battlefield report, a warrior takes up a different, sturdier bow and, in high spirits, shoots Mādrī’s son with ten sharp arrows, intensifying the combat.