Shloka 37

दुःशासनं ततः क्रुद्ध पीडयामास पाण्डव: । पर्वणीय सुसंक्रुद्धो राहु: पूर्ण निशाकरम्‌,तदनन्तर कुपित हुए पाण्डुपुत्र अर्जुन दुःशासनको उसी प्रकार पीड़ा देने लगे, जैसे पूर्णिमाके दिन अत्यन्त क्रोधमें भरा हुआ राहु पूर्ण चन्द्रमाको पीड़ा देता है

duḥśāsanaṃ tataḥ kruddhaḥ pīḍayāmāsa pāṇḍavaḥ | parvaṇīyaḥ susaṃkruddho rāhuḥ pūrṇa-niśākaram ||

Sañjaya said: Then the Pāṇḍava, inflamed with anger, began to torment Duḥśāsana—just as Rāhu, raging on the night of the full moon, afflicts the full orb of the Moon.

दुःशासनम्Duhshasana (as object)
दुःशासनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदुःशासन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
ततःthen/thereupon
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
क्रुद्धःangry
क्रुद्धः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootक्रुद्ध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पीडयामासtormented/afflicted
पीडयामास:
TypeVerb
Rootपीड्
FormPeriphrastic Perfect (लिट्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
पाण्डवःthe Pandava (Arjuna)
पाण्डवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पर्वणिon the full-moon day (parvan)
पर्वणि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपर्वन्
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
एवjust/indeed
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
सुसंक्रुद्धःhighly enraged
सुसंक्रुद्धः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसुसंक्रुद्ध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
राहुःRahu
राहुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराहु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पूर्णम्full (completely full)
पूर्णम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपूर्ण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
निशाकरम्the moon
निशाकरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिशाकर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Duḥśāsana
P
Pāṇḍava (Arjuna)
R
Rāhu
M
Moon (Niśākara)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how anger in war can become eclipsing—like Rāhu covering the full Moon—suggesting that even justified retaliation risks overwhelming discernment and humane restraint, a key ethical tension in dharma-yuddha.

Sañjaya describes Arjuna (the Pāṇḍava) turning fiercely upon Duḥśāsana and pressing him hard in combat, using the vivid image of a lunar eclipse to convey the intensity of the assault.