Shloka 4

कृत्वा व्यूहं महाराज सर्वशत्रुनिबर्हणम्‌ । शिखण्डी सर्वसैन्यानामग्र आसीद्‌ विशाम्पते,महाराज! प्रजानाथ! उस दिन शिखण्डी समस्त शत्रुओंका संहार करनेवाले व्यूहका निर्माण करके स्वयं सब सेनाके सामने खड़ा हुआ

kṛtvā vyūhaṃ mahārāja sarvaśatrunibarhaṇam | śikhaṇḍī sarvasainyānām agra āsīd viśāmpate ||

Sañjaya said: “O great king, after forming a battle-array meant to crush all enemies, Śikhaṇḍī stood at the very front of the entire host, O lord of the people.”

कृत्वाhaving made/formed
कृत्वा:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (त्वान्त), कर्तरि, पूर्वकाल (absolutive)
व्यूहम्battle-array/formation
व्यूहम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootव्यूह (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन
सर्व-शत्रु-निबर्हणम्destroying all enemies
सर्व-शत्रु-निबर्हणम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootनिबर्हण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
शिखण्डीShikhandi
शिखण्डी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशिखण्डिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
सर्व-सैन्यानाम्of all the armies
सर्व-सैन्यानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसैन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन
अग्रेin front/at the forefront
अग्रे:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअग्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययीभाव/सप्तमी-प्रयोगे अव्ययवत्, स्थान
आसीत्was/stood
आसीत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
Formलङ् (अनद्यतनभूत), प्रथम, एकवचन, परस्मैपद
विशाम्पतेO lord of the people
विशाम्पते:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootविशाम्पति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
Ś
Śikhaṇḍī
V
vyūha (battle-array)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical weight of leadership in war: arranging forces and taking the foremost position implies responsibility and resolve, while also reminding that strategy (vyūha) is a decisive instrument whose use must be weighed within the larger frame of dharma.

Sañjaya reports to King Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Śikhaṇḍī has organized a battle formation designed to overwhelm the enemy and has taken position at the head of the army, signaling the opening posture and tactical intent of the Pāṇḍava forces in the Bhīṣma campaign.