Shloka 4

धृष्टद्युम्न: शिखण्डी च विराटो द्रुपदस्तथा । भीष्ममासाद्य समरे शरैर्जघ्नुर्महारथम्‌,तब धृष्टद्युम्म, शिखण्डी, विराट और ट्रुपदने समरभूमिमें महारथी भीष्मके पास पहुँचकर उन्हें बाणोंसे घायल करना आरम्भ किया

sañjaya uvāca | dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ śikhaṇḍī ca virāṭo drupadas tathā | bhīṣmam āsādya samare śaraiḥ jaghnur mahāratham ||

Sanjaya said: Dhrishtadyumna, Shikhandi, Virata, and Drupada likewise closed in upon Bhishma on the battlefield and began striking that great chariot-warrior with volleys of arrows.

धृष्टद्युम्नःDhrishtadyumna
धृष्टद्युम्नः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधृष्टद्युम्न
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शिखण्डीShikhandi
शिखण्डी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशिखण्डिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विराटःVirata
विराटः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविराट
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
द्रुपदःDrupada
द्रुपदः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्रुपद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तथाlikewise/also
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
भीष्मम्Bhishma
भीष्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आसाद्यhaving approached/reached
आसाद्य:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-√सद्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral as gerund)
समरेin battle
समरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
शरैःwith arrows
शरैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
जघ्नुःthey struck/slew (smote)
जघ्नुः:
TypeVerb
Root√हन्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
महारथम्the great chariot-warrior
महारथम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
D
Dhrishtadyumna
S
Shikhandi
V
Virata
D
Drupada
B
Bhishma
A
arrows
B
battlefield

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the tension between reverence for elders and the demands of kṣatriya-dharma in war: when a powerful opponent endangers one’s side, duty can require coordinated action even against a venerable figure like Bhishma.

Sanjaya reports that four prominent Pāṇḍava-aligned warriors—Dhrishtadyumna, Shikhandi, Virata, and Drupada—advance together toward Bhishma in the thick of battle and begin wounding him with arrows.