Shloka 306

Daśame’hani Bhīṣma-yuddham — Śikhaṇḍī-rakṣaṇa, Arjuna-prabhāva, Duryodhana-āśraya-vākyam

Devanagari script

परिवत्रू रणे यत्ता भीमसेनं समन्ततः । गदा हाथमें लिये हुए भीमसेनको देखकर उन गजारोही सैनिकोंने उन्हें यत्नपूर्वक चारों ओरसे घेर लिया

Transliteration

sañjaya uvāca | parivatrū raṇe yattā bhīmasenaṃ samantataḥ | gadāṃ hastam ānīya bhīmasenaṃ vilokya te gajārohī yodhās taṃ yatnapūrvakaṃ caturdiśaṃ paryavārayanta |

Translation

Sanjaya said: In the thick of battle, the elephant-mounted warriors, seeing Bhimasena with his mace in hand, strove to surround him on every side. The scene underscores the war’s harsh ethic: when a formidable champion appears, many unite to check his force, turning courage into a test of endurance amid encirclement.

Word by Word

• परिवृताः: surrounded, having encircled
• परिवृताः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परि+वृत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• रणे: in battle
• रणे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: रण
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• यत्ताः: striving, intent, exerting themselves
• यत्ताः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: यत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• भीमसेनम्: Bhimasena
• भीमसेनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीमसेन
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• समन्ततः: on all sides, all around
• समन्ततः: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: समन्ततः
• Form: true

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sanjaya
• Bhimasena
• gajārohī yodhāḥ (elephant-mounted warriors)
• gadā (mace)
• raṇa (battlefield)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights a battlefield ethic and tactical reality: when a powerful warrior threatens many, opponents coordinate to contain him. It frames valor not only as individual strength but as steadfastness under pressure and the capacity to face collective opposition without losing resolve.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sanjaya describes elephant-mounted soldiers noticing Bhimasena holding his mace and then deliberately surrounding him from all directions, attempting to restrict his movement and neutralize his impact in the fight.