Shloka 19

स पतन्‌ शुशुभे नागो धनंजयशराहत: । विशन्निव महाशैलो महीं वज्रप्रपीडित:,अर्जुनके बाणोंसे घायल होकर गिरता हुआ वह हाथी ऐसी शोभा पाने लगा, मानो वज्रके आघातसे अत्यन्त पीड़ित हुआ महान्‌ पर्वत पृथ्वीमें समा जाना चाहता हो

sa patan śuśubhe nāgo dhanañjayaśarāhataḥ | viśann iva mahāśailo mahīṃ vajraprapīḍitaḥ ||

Vaiśampāyana said: Struck by the arrows of Dhanañjaya (Arjuna), the elephant fell, yet even in its collapse it appeared splendid—like a mighty mountain, grievously crushed by a thunderbolt, seeming as though it would sink into the earth.

सःhe/that (one)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पतन्falling
पतन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootपत्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
शुशुभेshone; appeared splendid
शुशुभे:
TypeVerb
Rootशुभ्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), Ātmanepada, 3rd, Singular
नागःelephant
नागः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनाग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धनंजय-शर-आहतःstruck by Dhanañjaya's arrows
धनंजय-शर-आहतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootआहत (from √हन् with आ-)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विशन्entering; sinking into
विशन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootविश्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
इवas if; like
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
महाशैलःa great mountain
महाशैलः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहाशैल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महीम्the earth/ground
महीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमही
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
वज्र-प्रपीडितःcrushed/afflicted by a thunderbolt
वज्र-प्रपीडितः:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रपीडित (from √पीड् with प्र-)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
D
Dhanañjaya (Arjuna)
E
elephant (nāga)
A
arrows (śara)
E
earth (mahī)
T
thunderbolt (vajra)
M
mountain (mahāśaila)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the epic ethic of recognizing prowess even in an enemy’s downfall: the fallen elephant is described with grandeur, reminding the listener that war entails immense suffering and that true martial excellence is accompanied by sober awareness of its consequences.

Vaiśampāyana narrates that an elephant, struck by Arjuna’s arrows, collapses. Its fall is compared to a huge mountain crushed by Indra’s thunderbolt, seeming to sink into the earth—an image intensifying the scale and violence of the battlefield.