Shloka 18

Adhyāya 39 — त्रिगुणविवेकः (Discrimination of the Three Guṇas) and Avyakta-Doctrine

Devanagari script

अहस्त्रिधा तु विज्ञेयं त्रिधा रात्रिविधीयते । मासार्धमासवर्षाणि ऋतव: संधयस्तथा,गुणोंके भेदसे दिनको भी तीन प्रकारका समझना चाहिये। रात भी तीन प्रकारकी होती है तथा मास, पक्ष, वर्ष, ऋतु और संध्याके भी तीन-तीन भेद होते हैं

Transliteration

ahastridhā tu vijñeyaṃ tridhā rātrir vidhīyate | māsārdhamāsavarṣāṇi ṛtavaḥ sandhayas tathā ||

Translation

Vāyu said: “Time should be understood as having threefold divisions: the day is to be known in three ways, and the night too is arranged in three ways. Likewise, the month, the half-month (fortnight), the year, the seasons, and the junctions (twilights) are each spoken of as having threefold distinctions.”

Word by Word

अहःday (daytime)

त्रिधाin three ways / threefold

तुbut / indeed

विज्ञेयम्is to be known / should be understood

त्रिधाin three ways / threefold

रात्रिःnight

विधीयतेis arranged / is prescribed / is divided

मासmonths

अर्धमासhalf-months / fortnights

वर्षाणिyears

ऋतवःseasons

सन्धयःjunctions / twilights (sandhyās)

तथाand likewise / also

Speaker

वायुदेव उवाच

Characters & Entities

Vāyu (Vāyudeva)

ahaḥ (day)

rātri (night)

māsa (month)

ardhamāsa/pakṣa (fortnight)

varṣa (year)

Ṛ

ṛtu (season)

sandhi (twilight/junction)

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Geographic Context

Sandhi Notes