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Shloka 41

अध्याय ९ — धृतराष्ट्रस्य युधिष्ठिरं प्रति राजनित्युपदेशः

Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s Counsel on Royal Policy to Yudhiṣṭhira

प्रजा: कुरुकुलश्रेष्ठ पाण्डवान्‌ शीलभूषणान्‌ । “बुद्धिमान्‌ कुरुकुलश्रेष्ठी समस्त पाण्डव शीलरूपी सदगुणसे विभूषित हैं; अतः भले- बुरे सभी समयोंमें सारी प्रजा निश्चय ही उनका अनुसरण करेगी || ४० $ ।। ब्रह्मादेयाग्रहारांश्ष पारिबर्हाश्व पार्थिव:

prajāḥ kurukulaśreṣṭha pāṇḍavān śīlabhūṣaṇān | buddhimān kurukulaśreṣṭhī samasta-pāṇḍava-śīlarūpī sadguṇaiḥ vibhūṣitaḥ; ataḥ bhale-bure sarveṣu samayeṣu sārvā prajā niścayaṃ teṣām anugamanaṃ kariṣyati ||

Vaiśampāyana said: “O best of the Kuru line, the Pāṇḍavas are adorned with noble conduct and good character. Being wise and richly endowed with virtues that take the form of exemplary behavior, they become a standard for others. Therefore, in times both favorable and adverse, the whole populace will surely follow their lead.”

प्रजाःsubjects, people
प्रजाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
कुरुकुलश्रेष्ठO best of the Kuru lineage
कुरुकुलश्रेष्ठ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकुरुकुलश्रेष्ठ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
पाण्डवान्the Pandavas
पाण्डवान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
शीलभूषणान्adorned with good conduct (as ornament)
शीलभूषणान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootशीलभूषण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
बुद्धिमान्wise, intelligent
बुद्धिमान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootबुद्धिमत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कुरुकुलश्रेष्ठीthe best of the Kuru lineage
कुरुकुलश्रेष्ठी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकुरुकुलश्रेष्ठिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
समस्तentire, whole
समस्त:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootसमस्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पाण्डवPandava (as a class/name)
पाण्डव:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शीलरूपीin the form of good conduct
शीलरूपी:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootशीलरूपिन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
सद्गुणैःwith virtues
सद्गुणैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसद्गुण
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
विभूषितःadorned, decorated
विभूषितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवि-भूष्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
अतःtherefore
अतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअतः
भलेin good (times)
भले:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootभल
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
बुरेin bad (times)
बुरे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootबुर
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
सर्वेषुin all
सर्वेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Plural
समयेषुtimes, occasions
समयेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमय
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
सारीentire
सारी:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसार
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
प्रजाthe people
प्रजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
निश्चयcertainly
निश्चय:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनिश्चय
हिindeed
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
तान्them
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अनुसरिष्यतिwill follow
अनुसरिष्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-√सृ (सरणे)
FormSimple Future (लृट्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
ब्रह्मादेयgifts/grants to Brahmins
ब्रह्मादेय:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मादेय
FormMasculine/Neuter, Accusative, Plural
अग्रहारान्agrahāras (land-grants/settlements)
अग्रहारान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअग्रहार
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
पारिबर्हान्dowry/nuptial gifts, presents
पारिबर्हान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपारिबर्ह
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अश्वान्horses
अश्वान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
पार्थिवःthe king
पार्थिवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थिव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
K
Kuru dynasty (Kurukula)
P
Pāṇḍavas
P
Prajā (the subjects/people)

Educational Q&A

Public life is shaped by exemplars: when rulers or leading figures are steady in wisdom and virtuous conduct (śīla, sadguṇa), society naturally imitates them in both prosperity and hardship. Ethical leadership thus becomes a practical force for sustaining dharma.

Vaiśampāyana comments on the moral stature of the Pāṇḍavas, emphasizing that their recognized wisdom and good conduct make them models for the people; hence the subjects are expected to align themselves with the Pāṇḍavas’ path regardless of changing circumstances.