Shloka 47

यथा सस्यानि रोहन्ति प्रकीर्णानि महीतले । तथा कामा: प्ररोहन्ति भूमिदानसमार्जिता:

yathā sasyāni rohanti prakīrṇāni mahītale | tathā kāmāḥ prarohanti bhūmidānasamārjitāḥ ||

Bhishma said: “Just as scattered seeds sprout when they lie upon the earth, so do desires spring up again—those that have been gathered and fostered through the merit and prosperity gained by gifting land. The wealth and satisfaction produced by such gifts can, if unchecked, become fresh soil for renewed craving.”

यथाjust as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
सस्यानिcrops; grains
सस्यानि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसस्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
रोहन्तिgrow; sprout
रोहन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootरुह्
FormPresent, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
प्रकीर्णानिscattered
प्रकीर्णानि:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्र-कीर्ण
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
महीतलेon the ground; on the earth-surface
महीतले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमहीतल
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
तथाso; likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
कामाःdesires
कामाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकाम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
प्ररोहन्तिspring up; grow forth
प्ररोहन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-रुह्
FormPresent, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
भूमिदानसमार्जिताःacquired/earned by giving land
भूमिदानसमार्जिताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootभूमिदान-समार्जित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
B
bhūmi (land/earth)
D
dāna (gift/charity)

Educational Q&A

Bhīṣma uses an agrarian simile to warn that prosperity and merit connected with great gifts (like land-donation) can still become a cause for renewed craving. Ethical giving should be joined with inner restraint; otherwise, the very conditions created by merit may nourish fresh desires.

In Anuśāsana Parva, Bhīṣma is instructing Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma, including the fruits and nuances of dāna. Here he frames a caution: like seeds scattered on soil, desires can re-emerge and multiply when supported by the gains and satisfactions that come from meritorious acts such as gifting land.