Shloka 48
अस्मिन्नर्थे सत्यवन्तं पर्यपृच्छन्त वै जना: । कन्याया: प्राप्तशुल्काया: शुल्कद: प्रशमं गत:,इस विषयमें पहलेके लोगोंने सत्यवानसे पूछा था कि “महाप्राज्ञ! यदि कन्याका शुल्क देनेके पश्चात् शुल्क देनेवालेकी मृत्यु हो जाय तो उसका पाणिग्रहण दूसरा कोई कर सकता है या नहीं? इसमें हमें धर्मविषयक संदेह हो गया है। आप इसका निवारण कीजिये; क्योंकि आप ज्ञानी पुरुषोंद्वारा सम्मानित हैं
asminn arthe satyavantaṃ paryapṛcchanta vai janāḥ | kanyāyāḥ prāptaśulkāyāḥ śulkadaḥ praśamaṃ gataḥ |
Bhīṣma said: “On this matter, people of former times questioned Satyavān: ‘O great sage, if the bride-price has already been received for a maiden, and the man who was to pay that bride-price then dies, may someone else perform her marriage-rite (take her hand) or not? A doubt concerning dharma has arisen for us. Please remove it, for you are honored by the wise.’”
भीष्य उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse frames a dharma-question about marriage validity and obligation: when a bride-price has been accepted but the payer dies, does the prior transaction authorize another man to marry the maiden, or must the arrangement be reconsidered? It highlights that social contracts around marriage are subordinate to dharma and require authoritative clarification.
Bhīṣma introduces an older precedent: people once approached Satyavān with a legal-ethical doubt concerning a maiden whose bride-price had been received, but whose intended payer died. They request Satyavān—respected by the learned—to resolve their uncertainty about whether another person may perform her pāṇigrahaṇa (marriage hand-taking).