Shloka 21
Śakra–Śambara Saṃvāda: Brāhmaṇa-sevā, Anasūyā, and Vāg-bala (शक्रशम्बरसंवादः)
Devanagari script
शका यवनकाम्बोजास्तास्ता: क्षत्रियजातय: । वृषलत्वं परिगता ब्राह्मणानामदर्शनात्,शक, यवन और काम्बोज आदि जातियाँ पहले क्षत्रिय ही थीं; किंतु ब्राह्मणोंकी कृपादृष्टिसे वज्चित होनेके कारण उन्हें वृषल (शूद्र एवं म्लेच्छ) होना पड़ा
Transliteration
śakā yavanakāmbojās tāstāḥ kṣatriyajātayaḥ | vṛṣalatvaṃ parigatā brāhmaṇānām adarśanāt ||
Translation
Bhīṣma said: “The Śakas, Yavanas, Kāmbojas, and other such peoples were originally of kṣatriya stock. But, having lost the guidance and sustaining presence of Brāhmaṇas, they fell into the condition of vṛṣalas—counted as degraded, outside the orthodox social order.”
Word by Word
शकाःthe Śakas
शकाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
यवनthe Yavanas (Greeks/Ionians)
यवन:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयवन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
काम्बोजाःthe Kāmbojas
काम्बोजाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकाम्बोज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
ताःthose
ताः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
ताःthose (same)
ताः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
क्षत्रिय-जातयःKṣatriya lineages/classes
क्षत्रिय-जातयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्रियजाति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
वृषलत्वम्the state of being a vṛṣala (outcaste/śūdra-like)
वृषलत्वम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवृषलत्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
परिगताःhaving attained / having become
परिगताः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-गम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, Past passive participle (क्त)
ब्राह्मणानाम्of the Brāhmaṇas
ब्राह्मणानाम्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
अदर्शनात्from non-seeing / from absence (of contact/appearance)
अदर्शनात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootअ-दर्शन
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Characters & Entities
B
BhīṣmaŚ
ŚakasY
YavanasK
KāmbojasB
BrāhmaṇasK
KṣatriyasV
VṛṣalasVerse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Geographic Context
Sandhi Notes