Shloka 129

(सतां गुरूणां वृद्धानां कुलस्त्रीणां विशेषतः ।) परिवादं न च ब्रूयात्‌ परेषामात्मनस्तथा | परिवादो ह्वाधर्माय प्रोच्यते भरतर्षभ,भरतश्रेष्ठ! सत्पुरुषों, गुरुजनों, वृद्धों और विशेषतः कुलांगनाओंकी, दूसरे लोगोंकी और अपनी भी निन्दा न करे; क्योंकि निन्‍दा करना अधर्मका हेतु बताया गया है

satāṁ gurūṇāṁ vṛddhānāṁ kulastrīṇāṁ viśeṣataḥ | parivādaṁ na ca brūyāt pareṣām ātmanaḥ tathā || parivādo hy adharmāya procyate bharatarṣabha ||

Bhishma said: One should not speak words of slander—especially against the virtuous, one’s teachers, the elderly, and above all the women of noble families; nor should one malign other people, or even oneself. For, O bull among the Bharatas, slander is declared to be a cause that leads toward adharma.

सताम्of the good (people)
सताम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसत्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
गुरूणाम्of teachers/elders (gurus)
गुरूणाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootगुरु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
वृद्धानाम्of the aged/elders
वृद्धानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवृद्ध
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
कुलस्त्रीणाम्of women of a noble family
कुलस्त्रीणाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकुलस्त्री
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
विशेषतःespecially
विशेषतः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootविशेषतः
परिवादम्slander/blame
परिवादम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपरिवाद
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
ब्रूयात्should say/speak
ब्रूयात्:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
परेषाम्of others
परेषाम्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootपर
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
आत्मनःof oneself
आत्मनः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
तथाlikewise/also
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
परिवादःslander
परिवादः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपरिवाद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
अधर्मायfor unrighteousness / leading to adharma
अधर्माय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootअधर्म
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
प्रोच्यतेis said/declared
प्रोच्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र+वच्
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada (passive sense)
भरतर्षभO bull among the Bharatas
भरतर्षभ:
TypeNoun
Rootभरतर्षभ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
भरतश्रेष्ठO best of the Bharatas
भरतश्रेष्ठ:
TypeNoun
Rootभरतश्रेष्ठ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
B
Bharatarshabha (Yudhishthira as addressee)
S
sat (the virtuous)
G
gurus
T
the elderly
K
kulastris (noble women)

Educational Q&A

Do not engage in slander or defamatory speech—especially against the virtuous, teachers, elders, and respectable women; such speech is a gateway to adharma and moral decline.

In the Anushasana Parva, Bhishma instructs Yudhishthira on dharma and proper conduct; here he lays down an ethical rule about restraining speech and avoiding parivāda (slander).