Shloka 80

Śama-prāptiḥ — Gautamī–Lubdhaka–Pannaga–Mṛtyu–Kāla-saṃvāda

Restraint through the Analysis of Karma and Time

Devanagari script

भीष्म उवाच ततो यथागतं जम्मुर्मुत्यु: कालो5थ पन्नग: । अभूद्‌ विशोकोअर्जुनको विशोका चैव गौतमी

Transliteration

bhīṣma uvāca | tato yathāgataṃ jagmur mṛtyuḥ kālo ’tha pannagaḥ | abhūd viśoko ’rjunako viśokā caiva gautamī ||

Translation

Bhīṣma said: Then Death, Time, and the Serpent departed, returning the way they had come. Arjunaka became free from sorrow, and so too did Gautamī become free from sorrow.

Word by Word

भीष्मःBhishma

उवाचsaid

ततःthen; thereafter

यथाas; according to

आगतम्come; arrived (as it had come/occurred)

जम्बुःJambu (a being/name; lit. rose-apple)

मृत्युःDeath

कालःTime

अथand then; moreover

पन्नगःserpent

अभूत्became; was

विशोकःfree from sorrow

अर्जुनकःArjunaka (a person/name)

विशोकाfree from sorrow

चand

एवindeed; just

गौतमीGautami (a woman/name)

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

Bhīṣma

Mṛtyu (Death)

Kāla (Time)

Pannaga (Serpent)

Arjunaka

Gautamī

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Cross References

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Sorrow is alleviated by understanding the inevitability of death and the supremacy of time; ethical steadiness arises from accepting the cosmic order rather than resisting what cannot be changed.

What is happening in the narrative?

After delivering their message or completing their role, the personified figures—Death, Time, and the Serpent—depart. Their departure coincides with the resolution of grief: Arjunaka and Gautamī become free from sorrow.