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Shloka 35

Śama-prāptiḥ — Gautamī–Lubdhaka–Pannaga–Mṛtyu–Kāla-saṃvāda

Restraint through the Analysis of Karma and Time

सर्प उवाच को न्वर्जुनक दोषोअत्र विद्यते मम बालिश । अस्वतन्त्र हि मां मृत्युर्विवशं यदचूचुदत्‌,सर्पने कहा--ओ नादान अर्जुनक! इसमें मेरा क्या दोष है? मैं तो पराधीन हूँ। मृत्युने मुझे विवश करके इस कार्यके लिये प्रेरित किया था

sarpa uvāca: ko nv arjunaka doṣo 'tra vidyate mama bāliśa? asvatantraḥ hi māṃ mṛtyur vivaśaṃ yad acūcudat.

The serpent said, “O foolish Arjunaka, what fault of mine is there in this matter? I am not my own master. Death compelled me against my will and impelled me to do this deed.”

सर्पःthe serpent
सर्पः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसर्प
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
कःwhat?/which?
कः:
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नुindeed/then (emphasis)
नु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनु
अर्जुनकO Arjunaka (addressing Arjuna)
अर्जुनक:
TypeNoun
Rootअर्जुनक
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
दोषःfault/blame
दोषः:
TypeNoun
Rootदोष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अत्रhere/in this matter
अत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र
विद्यतेexists/is found
विद्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
ममof me/my
मम:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
बालिशO foolish one
बालिश:
TypeAdjective
Rootबालिश
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
अस्वतन्त्रःnot independent/helpless
अस्वतन्त्रः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअस्वतन्त्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हिfor/indeed
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
माम्me
माम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormAccusative, Singular
मृत्युःDeath
मृत्युः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमृत्यु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विवशम्helpless/compelled
विवशम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootविवश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
यत्which/that (thing)
यत्:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अचूचुदत्impelled/urged
अचूचुदत्:
TypeVerb
Rootचुद्
FormImperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada, Causative (णिच्)

सर्प उवाच

S
Sarpa (the serpent)
A
Arjunaka
M
Mṛtyu (Death, personified)

Educational Q&A

The verse raises the ethical tension between personal culpability and compulsion: the serpent claims diminished responsibility because it acted under the coercion of Mṛtyu (Death/fate), prompting reflection on how dharma judges actions done under force or destiny.

In a dialogue, the serpent addresses Arjunaka and defends itself against blame, arguing that it was not acting freely; rather, Death compelled it to perform the act in question.