Shloka 15

अथैनामष्ट मे पुत्रे जाते प्रहसतीमिव । उवाच राजा दु:खार्त: परीप्सन्‌ पुत्रमात्मन:,तदनन्तर जब आठवाँ पुत्र उत्पन्न हुआ, तब हँसती हुई-सी अपनी स्त्रीसे राजाने अपने पुत्रका प्राण बचानेकी इच्छासे दुःखातुर होकर कहा--

athainām aṣṭame putre jāte prahasatīm iva | uvāca rājā duḥkhārtaḥ parīpsan putram ātmanaḥ ||

Then, when her eighth son was born, she appeared as though smiling. The king, stricken with grief yet intent on saving his own child’s life, spoke to his wife—seeking to prevent what he feared would happen next.

अथthen
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
एनाम्her
एनाम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
अष्टमेin/at the eighth (son)
अष्टमे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootअष्टम
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
पुत्रेson
पुत्रे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
जातेwhen (he) was born
जाते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootजात
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
प्रहसतीम्laughing, smiling
प्रहसतीम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रहसत्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
इवas if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दुःखार्तःafflicted with sorrow
दुःखार्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदुःखार्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
परीप्सन्desiring to obtain/save
परीप्सन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootपरीप्स्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Present active participle (Parasmaipada)
पुत्रम्son
पुत्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आत्मनःof himself, his own
आत्मनः:
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaishampayana
T
the king (Śāntanu)
T
the wife (Gaṅgā)
T
the eighth son (Bhīṣma/Devavrata, implied)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights a moral conflict: fidelity to an earlier promise versus the immediate ethical impulse to protect innocent life. It frames dharma not as a simple rule but as a lived tension between duty, compassion, and consequence.

After the birth of the eighth son, the wife appears to smile, and the king—already pained by prior losses—speaks up, hoping to save this child. This moment sets up the revelation of the wife’s actions and the turning point that preserves the eighth son.