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Shloka 48

Śakuntalā-Janma-Nāmakaraṇa (Birth and Naming of Śakuntalā) | शकुन्तला-जन्म-नामकरणम्

जमदम्नेस्तु चत्वार आसन पुत्रा महात्मन: । रामस्तेषां जघन्यो5भूदजघन्यैर्गुणैर्युत: । सर्वशस्त्रेषु कुशल: क्षत्रियान्तकरो वशी,महात्मा जमदग्निके चार पुत्र थे, जिनमें परशुरामजी सबसे छोटे थे; किंतु उनके गुण छोटे नहीं थे। वे श्रेष्ठ सदगुणोंसे विभूषित थे, सम्पूर्ण शस्त्रविद्यामें कुशल, क्षत्रिय-कुलका संहार करनेवाले तथा जितेन्द्रिय थे

jamadagnestu catvāra āsan putrā mahātmanaḥ | rāmastēṣāṁ jaghanyo 'bhūd ajaghanyair guṇair yutaḥ | sarvaśastreṣu kuśalaḥ kṣatriyāntakaro vaśī |

Vaiśampāyana said: The great-souled Jamadagni had four sons. Of them, Rāma was the youngest in birth, yet not the least in excellence—endowed with outstanding virtues. He was skilled in every weapon-discipline, a subduer of the kṣatriya order, and a master of himself.

जमदग्नेःof Jamadagni
जमदग्नेः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootजमदग्नि
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
चत्वारःfour
चत्वारः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootचतुर्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
आसन्were
आसन्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormImperfect, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
पुत्राःsons
पुत्राः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
महात्मनःof the great-souled (sage)
महात्मनः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमहात्मन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
रामःRama (Parashurama)
रामः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तेषाम्of them
तेषाम्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
जघन्यःthe youngest/last-born
जघन्यः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootजघन्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अभूत्became/was
अभूत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormAorist, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
अजघन्यैःwith non-inferior (excellent)
अजघन्यैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootअजघन्य
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
गुणैःqualities/virtues
गुणैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootगुण
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
युतःendowed/possessed (with)
युतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootयुज्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
सर्वशस्त्रेषुin all weapons/weapon-skills
सर्वशस्त्रेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसर्व-शस्त्र
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
कुशलःskilled
कुशलः:
TypeAdjective
Rootकुशल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
क्षत्रियान्तकरःdestroyer of the Kshatriyas
क्षत्रियान्तकरः:
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्रिय-अन्त-कर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वशीself-controlled/masterful
वशी:
TypeAdjective
Rootवशिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
J
Jamadagni
R
Rāma (Paraśurāma)
T
the four sons of Jamadagni
K
kṣatriyas
Ś
śastra (weapons/martial disciplines)

Educational Q&A

Birth order does not determine worth: though Rāma is the youngest, he is portrayed as foremost in virtue, discipline, and mastery. The verse also links ethical self-control (vaśī) with the responsible use of power and martial expertise.

Vaiśampāyana introduces Jamadagni’s sons and highlights Rāma (Paraśurāma) as exceptional—skilled in all weapons and destined to become an 'ender of kṣatriyas,' foreshadowing his later conflict with the warrior class.