Shloka 16
Ādi-parva Adhyāya 132 — Duryodhana’s Instructions to Purocana at Vāraṇāvata
Lākṣāgṛha Planning
कमण्डलुं च सर्वेषां प्रायच्छच्चिरकारणात् । पुत्राय च ददौ कुम्भमविलम्बनकारणात्,वे अन्य सब शिष्योंको तो पानी लानेके लिये कमण्डलु देते, जिससे उन्हें लौटनेमें कुछ विलम्ब हो जाय; परंतु अपने पुत्र अश्वत्थामाको बड़े मुँहका घड़ा देते, जिससे उसके लौटनेमें विलम्ब न हो (अत: अभ्वत्थामा सबसे पहले पानी भरकर उनके पास लौट आता था)। जबतक दूसरे शिष्य लौट नहीं आते, तबतक वे अपने पुत्र अश्वत्थामाको अस्त्र- संचालनकी कोई उत्तम विधि बतलाते थे। अर्जुनने उनके इस कार्यको जान लिया
vaiśampāyana uvāca |
kamandaluṁ ca sarveṣāṁ prāyacchac cirakāraṇāt |
putrāya ca dadau kumbham avilambanakāraṇāt |
Vaiśampāyana said: To all the other pupils he would hand a water-pot (kamandalu) so that, for the purpose of delay, they would take longer to return; but to his own son he gave a large jar (kumbha) so that there would be no delay in his coming back. Thus Aśvatthāmā would return first with the water, and until the other students arrived, the teacher would privately teach his son superior methods of weapon-practice. Arjuna came to know of this conduct.
वैशम्पायन उवाच
Educational Q&A
The passage highlights the ethical problem of partiality in teaching: a guru’s favoritism toward his own child creates unequal access to knowledge and undermines fairness (dharma) within a learning community.
The teacher sends students to fetch water; he gives most a small kamandalu so they return late, but gives his son Aśvatthāmā a large kumbha so he returns quickly. In the interval, he teaches his son superior weapon-techniques privately, and Arjuna discovers this.