Kurma Purana — Uttara Bhaga, Shloka 10
Ācamana-vidhi, Śauca, and Conduct Rules for Study, Eating, and Bodily Functions
Devanagari script
सोपानत्को जलस्थो वा नोष्णीषी वाचमेद् बुधः / न चैव वर्षधाराभिर्न तिष्ठन् नोद्धृतोदकैः
Transliteration
sopānatko jalastho vā noṣṇīṣī vācamed budhaḥ / na caiva varṣadhārābhirna tiṣṭhan noddhṛtodakaiḥ
Translation
A wise person should not utter sacred speech while wearing footwear, while standing in water, or with the head covered. Nor should he speak as rain pours down, or while standing where water has just been drawn up and is being handled.
Word by Word
सोपानत्कःone on/at the steps (stair/ladder)
सोपानत्कः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootसोपानत्क (प्रातिपदिक) < सोपान + त्क (तद्धित)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; तद्धितान्त (त्क) — ‘सोपान-सम्बद्धः/सोपान-स्थितः’
जलस्थःone standing in water
जलस्थः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootजलस्थ (प्रातिपदिक) < जल + स्थ
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; षष्ठी/सप्तमी-तत्पुरुषार्थः ‘जले स्थितः’
वाor
वा:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा (अव्यय)
Formविकल्पार्थक-निपात (particle of alternative)
नnot
न:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध/negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-निपात (negative particle)
उष्णीषीwearing a turban/head-cover
उष्णीषी:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootउष्णीषिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; उष्णीष-धारी (one wearing a turban/head-cover)
वाचम्speech/words
वाचम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootवाच् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन
एत्should utter/should proceed (to speak)
एत्:
Kriya (क्रिया/verb)
TypeVerb
Rootइ (धातु)
Formलोट् (imperative/आज्ञार्थ), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; √इ ‘to go’—आदेशार्थे ‘उच्चरेत्/प्रवर्तेत्’ (contextual)
बुधःa wise man
बुधः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootबुध (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
नnot
न:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध/negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-निपात
चand
च:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-निपात (conjunction)
एवindeed/just
एव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअवधारण-निपात (emphatic particle)
वर्षधाराभिःby streams of rain
वर्षधाराभिः:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootवर्षधारा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), बहुवचन; ‘वर्षस्य धाराः’ इति षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष
नnot
न:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध/negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-निपात
तिष्ठन्standing
तिष्ठन्:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeVerb
Rootस्था (धातु)
Formवर्तमान-कृदन्त (शतृ/Present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; √स्था
नnot
न:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध/negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-निपात
उद्धृतोदकैःwith drawn-up water (water fetched)
उद्धृतोदकैः:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootउद्धृतोदक (प्रातिपदिक) < उद्धृत + उदक
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; कर्मधारय ‘उद्धृतम् उदकम्’ (water drawn up)
Speaker
Vyasa (narrative instruction to sages on dharma/ācāra)
Verse Rasa
Primary Rasa: shanta
Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka
Characters & Entities
V
VedaD
DharmaĀ
Ācāra