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Kurma Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 34

Jambūdvīpa Varṣas, Bhārata as Karmabhūmi, and the Sacred Hydro-Topography of Dharma

तोया चैव महागैरी दुर्गा चान्तः शिला तथा / विन्ध्यपादप्रसूतास्ता नद्यः पुण्यजलाः शुभाः

toyā caiva mahāgairī durgā cāntaḥ śilā tathā / vindhyapādaprasūtāstā nadyaḥ puṇyajalāḥ śubhāḥ

Likewise, the rivers Toyā, Mahāgairī, Durgā, and Antaḥśilā—born from the feet of the Vindhya mountain—are auspicious streams whose waters are holy and purifying.

toyāToyā (river name)
toyā:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Roottoyā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
evaindeed/also
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (emphatic particle)
mahāgairīMahāgairī (river name)
mahāgairī:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootmahā (प्रातिपदिक) + gairī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मधारय-समास (महती च सा गैरी च)
durgāDurgā (river name)
durgā:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootdurgā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
antaḥśilāAntaḥśilā (river name)
antaḥśilā:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootantaḥ (अव्यय) + śilā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी/सप्तमी-तत्पुरुषभावः (अन्तः-शिला = 'अन्तः स्थित/अन्तःसम्बद्धा शिला')
tathālikewise/also
tathā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (adverb)
vindhyapādaprasūtāḥborn from the foot of Vindhya
vindhyapādaprasūtāḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier of nadyaḥ)
TypeAdjective
Rootvindhya (प्रातिपदिक) + pāda (प्रातिपदिक) + prasūta (प्रसूत, कृदन्त; √sū (धातु) + प्र- उपसर्ग)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; भूतकृदन्त (क्त/क्तवत्-भाव), 'प्रसूत' = born/originated; तत्पुरुष-समास (विन्ध्यस्य पादात् प्रसूताः)
tāḥthose
tāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject; apposition to nadyaḥ)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; सर्वनाम
nadyaḥrivers
nadyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootnadī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन
puṇyajalāḥhaving holy water
puṇyajalāḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier of nadyaḥ)
TypeAdjective
Rootpuṇya (प्रातिपदिक) + jala (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास (पुण्यं जलं यस्याः/यासाम्)
śubhāḥauspicious
śubhāḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier of nadyaḥ)
TypeAdjective
Rootśubha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

Sūta (traditional narrator) describing tīrtha-geography to the sages

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

V
Vindhya
T
Toyā
M
Mahāgairī
D
Durgā
A
Antaḥśilā

FAQs

This verse is primarily tīrtha-geography: it praises sacred rivers as purifying. Indirectly, it supports the Purāṇic view that purity of mind (śuddhi) is aided by holy places and waters, which then prepares one for Atman-realization taught elsewhere in the Kurma Purana.

No specific yogic technique is taught in this line; it emphasizes external aids to sādhana—tīrtha-sevā and bathing in puṇya-jala—traditionally used to cultivate sattva and readiness for disciplines like japa, dhyāna, and Pāśupata-oriented devotion found in other sections.

The verse does not explicitly mention Shiva or Vishnu; it reflects the Kurma Purana’s integrative framework where tīrthas and sacred waters function as common purifying supports for both Śaiva and Vaiṣṇava worship and yogic pursuit of liberation.