Shloka 91

प्रदीप्तादित्यतप्ते च दह्यमानः सदंशके / कृष्यते यमदूतैश्च शिवावन्नादभीषणैः

pradīptādityatapte ca dahyamānaḥ sadaṃśake / kṛṣyate yamadūtaiśca śivāvannādabhīṣaṇaiḥ

In that region scorched by the blazing sun, the being burns amid biting and stinging creatures; and he is dragged on by Yama’s messengers, terrifying with their harsh, inauspicious cries.

प्रदीप्तादित्यतप्तेin a place scorched by the blazing sun
प्रदीप्तादित्यतप्ते:
Adhikarana (Locus/अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रदीप्त-आदित्य-तप्त (प्रातिपदिक; प्रदीप्त + आदित्य + तप्त)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः ‘प्रदीप्तेन आदित्येन तप्ते (स्थाने)’
and
:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक (conjunction)
दह्यमानःbeing burned
दह्यमानः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootदह् (धातु)
Formवर्तमानकृदन्त (शानच्/मान), कर्मणि-प्रयोगार्थक; पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
सदंशकेin a place with biting insects
सदंशके:
Adhikarana (Locus/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootस-दंशक (प्रातिपदिक; स + दंशक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; अव्ययीभावः ‘सह दंशकैः’ (with biting insects)
कृष्यतेis dragged
कृष्यते:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootकृष् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; कर्मणि-प्रयोग (passive)
यमदूतैःby Yama’s messengers
यमदूतैः:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootयम-दूत (प्रातिपदिक; यम + दूत)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण), बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः (यमस्य दूताः)
and
:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक (conjunction)
शिवावत्like jackals (or like ‘śiva’ beings)
शिवावत्:
Kriya-vishesana (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootशिववत् (प्रातिपदिक; शिव + वत्)
Formअव्यय; उपमानवाचक (comparative particle)
नादभीषणैःterrifying with their cries
नादभीषणैः:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootनाद-भीषण (प्रातिपदिक; नाद + भीषण)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः ‘नादेन भीषणाः’

Lord Vishnu (narrating to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Afterlife Stage: Yamaloka Journey

Concept: Suffering arises as embodied experience of past actions; the jīva undergoes heat, bites, and fear under karmic enforcement.

Vedantic Theme: Duḥkha as karma-vipāka; the jīva’s vulnerability when separated from dharma and divine refuge.

Application: Adopt dharmic living and devotional refuge to reduce fear; practice compassion (non-cruelty) to avoid mirrored torment.

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Type: wasteland/heat-blasted region

Related Themes: Garuda Purana Pretakalpa: motifs of blazing sun, biting creatures, and Yamadūtas’ terrifying sounds recur in the journey narrative.

Y
Yama
Y
Yamadutas

FAQs

This verse depicts Yamadutas as the karmic enforcers who drag the suffering being through harsh post-death regions, emphasizing that consequences follow one’s actions.

It portrays a punitive segment of the post-death journey where the preta experiences heat, burning, and torment by biting creatures, while being driven onward by Yamadutas—an image of karma ripening after death.

Live with restraint and dharma, reduce harm to others, and support traditional death rites and remembrance practices, which the Garuda Purana presents as aids for a smoother post-death passage.