Shloka 39

Devanagari script

मेधातिथिर्द्युतिश्चैव सवसो वसुरेव च / ज्योतिष्मान्हव्यकव्यौ च ऋषयो विभुरीश्वरः

Transliteration

medhātithirdyutiścaiva savaso vasureva ca / jyotiṣmānhavyakavyau ca ṛṣayo vibhurīśvaraḥ

Translation

Medhātithi and Dyuti, likewise Savas and Vasu; Jyotiṣmān, and also Havyakavya—these sages (ṛṣi) are by nature all-pervading and sovereign.

Word by Word

• मेधातिथिः: Medhātithi (name)
• मेधातिथिः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मेधा (प्रातिपदिक) + अतिथि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (मेधायाः अतिथिः)

• द्युतिः: Dyuti (name; radiance)
• द्युतिः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्युति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, समुच्चयबोधक (conjunction)

• एव: indeed/just
• एव: Nipata (Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, अवधारण (particle of emphasis)

• सवसः: Savasa (name)
• सवसः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सवस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (नामरूप)

• वसुः: Vasu (name)
• वसुः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वसु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• एव: indeed
• एव: Nipata (Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, अवधारण (particle of emphasis)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, समुच्चयबोधक (conjunction)

• ज्योतिष्मान्: Jyotiṣmān (name; luminous)
• ज्योतिष्मान्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ज्योतिष्मत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• हव्यकव्यौ: Havya and Kavya (two sages)
• हव्यकव्यौ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हव्य (प्रातिपदिक) + कव्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), द्विवचन; इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व (हव्यः च कव्यः च)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, समुच्चयबोधक (conjunction)

• ऋषयः: sages
• ऋषयः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋषि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन

• विभुः: Vibhu (name; all-pervading)
• विभुः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विभु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• ईश्वरः: Īśvara (name; lord)
• ईश्वरः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ईश्वर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in discourse to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Ṛṣis embody luminosity (dyuti/jyotis) and pervasiveness; spiritual authority arises from tapas and insight, not mere birth.

Vedantic Theme: Tejas as a manifestation of sattva; the notion of ‘vibhutva’ echoes divine pervasion reflected in realized beings.

Application: Cultivate sattvic disciplines—study, truthfulness, restraint—to develop ‘dyuti’ (clarity) and steadiness; honor teachers and lineages of knowledge.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.87 (continuation of genealogical/ṛṣi catalogues)

Characters & Entities

• Medhātithi
• Dyuti
• Savas
• Vasu
• Jyotiṣmān
• Havyakavya
• Rishis

FAQs

What is the importance of listing sages’ names in the Garuda Purana?

This verse functions as a catalog of revered ṛṣis, anchoring the teaching in recognized seer-traditions and emphasizing the authority of dharmic knowledge transmitted through sages.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

Indirectly: by invoking ṛṣis associated with sacred order and ritual transmission, it frames the broader Garuda Purana narrative where right knowledge and rite (as taught by seers) support proper post-death outcomes.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Study and practice dharma with respect for authentic lineages—especially in śrāddha, offerings (havya/kavya), and ethical living—treating scriptural guidance as coming through disciplined seer-traditions.