Shloka 46

Devanagari script

त्वं यज्ञस्त्वं वषट्कार आपो ज्योती रसो ऽमृतम् / द्रुपदां वा त्रिरभ्यस्येव्द्याहृतिप्रणवान्विताम्

Transliteration

tvaṃ yajñastvaṃ vaṣaṭkāra āpo jyotī raso 'mṛtam / drupadāṃ vā trirabhyasyevdyāhṛtipraṇavānvitām

Translation

You are the yajña, and You are the vaṣaṭ-call; You are the waters, the light, the essence, and amṛta, the nectar of immortality. One should remember You by reciting three times the sacred verses endowed with the vyāhṛtis and the praṇava “Oṁ”.

Word by Word

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: Sambodhyābhāsa / Karta (implicit identification)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/स्त्रीलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग (सर्वनाम), प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)

• यज्ञः: sacrifice; yajña
• यज्ञः: Pradhāna (predicate nominative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: Sambodhyābhāsa / Karta (implicit identification)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)

• वषट्कारः: the vaṣaṭ-call/oblation exclamation
• वषट्कारः: Pradhāna (predicate nominative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वषट्कार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• आपः: waters
• आपः: Pradhāna (predicate nominative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अप् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural)

• ज्योती: light
• ज्योती: Pradhāna (predicate nominative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ज्योतिस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; छान्दस/वैदिक रूप (jyotī for jyotiḥ)

• रसः: essence; sap; taste
• रसः: Pradhāna (predicate nominative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• अमृतम्: nectar; immortality
• अमृतम्: Pradhāna (predicate nominative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अमृत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन

• द्रुपदाम्: the ‘Drupadā’ (mantra/hymn)
• द्रुपदाम्: Karma (object of recitation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्रुपद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (as mantra-name), द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• वा: or
• वा: Sambandha (disjunctive particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा (अव्यय)
• Form: विकल्पार्थक-अव्यय (particle of option ‘or’)

• त्रिः: three times
• त्रिः: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (adverbial modifier)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: त्रिः (अव्यय)
• Form: संख्यावाचक-अव्यय (adverb ‘thrice’)

• अभ्यस्य: practice/recite repeatedly
• अभ्यस्य: Kriyā (injunction)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि+अस् (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद; वैदिक/छान्दस प्रयोग (अभ्यस्य = अभ्यासं कुरु)

• इव: as if; like
• इव: Upamāna-sūcaka
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमार्थक-अव्यय (comparative particle ‘as/like’)

• व्याहृति-प्रणव-अन्विताम्: endowed with the vyāhṛtis and praṇava
• व्याहृति-प्रणव-अन्विताम्: Karma-viśeṣaṇa (qualifier of the mantra to be recited)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: व्याहृति (प्रातिपदिक) + प्रणव (प्रातिपदिक) + अन्वित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; समासः—षष्ठी/तत्पुरुष (व्याहृतिभिः प्रणवेन च अन्विता)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in instruction to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Īśvara as the inner essence of all ritual components and cosmic elements; remembrance through praṇava and vyāhṛtis.

Vedantic Theme: Antaryāmin/adhyātma-yajña: the One reality appearing as names, meters, and sacrificial acts; devotion expressed as contemplative identification (upāsanā).

Application: During sandhyā or daily japa, mentally offer all ritual acts to Viṣṇu, reciting praṇava with vyāhṛtis and a chosen ṛk/chandas three times with steady attention.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.50 (sandhyā-vidhi / śauca-mantra sequence)

Characters & Entities

• Vishnu (implied as the addressed Lord)
• Praṇava (Oṁ)
• Vyāhṛtis (bhūḥ, bhuvaḥ, svaḥ)
• Yajña (Vedic sacrifice principle)

FAQs

What is the importance of praṇava and vyāhṛtis in the Garuda Purana?

This verse presents Oṁ (praṇava) and the vyāhṛtis as a compact Vedic framework for remembrance of the Supreme—used for purification and aligning ritual speech (mantra) with inner devotion.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

By identifying the Lord with yajña, light, and amṛta, the verse implies that liberation-oriented practice is rooted in inner recollection of the Divine through Vedic sound (Oṁ and vyāhṛtis), not merely external rites.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Daily recitation of Oṁ with bhūḥ-bhuvaḥ-svaḥ (with reverence and clarity) can be used as a brief purification practice, linking one’s speech and intention to dharma and spiritual steadiness.