Shloka 7

Devanagari script

द्वादश्यां विष्णवे कार्यं शुक्ले कृष्णे ऽथ वा हर / व्यतीपाते ऽयने चैव चन्दरसूर्यग्रहे शिव

Transliteration

dvādaśyāṃ viṣṇave kāryaṃ śukle kṛṣṇe 'tha vā hara / vyatīpāte 'yane caiva candarasūryagrahe śiva

Translation

On dvādaśī, the twelfth lunar day, one should perform the rite for Viṣṇu—whether in the bright fortnight or the dark, O Hari. Likewise, at Vyatīpāta, at the solstices (ayana), and at lunar or solar eclipses, O Śiva, it should be performed.

Word by Word

• द्वादश्याम्: on the Dvādaśī (12th lunar day)
• द्वादश्याम्: Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्वादशी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; तिथि-नाम

• विष्णवे: for Viṣṇu
• विष्णवे: Sampradana (Recipient/सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विष्णु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th), एकवचन; सम्प्रदान-भावे

• कार्यम्: should be done
• कार्यम्: Kriya (Obligation/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु) + यत् (कृदन्त)
• Form: यत्-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (gerundive/भाव्य); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; ‘कर्तव्यम्’

• शुक्ले: in the bright fortnight
• शुक्ले: Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शुक्ल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; ‘शुक्लपक्षे’ (in the bright fortnight)

• कृष्णे: in the dark fortnight
• कृष्णे: Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृष्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; ‘कृष्णपक्षे’ (in the dark fortnight)

• अथ: then/also
• अथ: Sambandha (Discourse particle/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अनुक्रम/विकल्पार्थक (then/now)

• वा: or
• वा: Sambandha (Alternative/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; विकल्प (disjunction)

• हर: O Hara (Śiva)
• हर: Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th), एकवचन; शिवस्य सम्बोधन

• व्यतीपाते: at Vyatīpāta (astral conjunction)
• व्यतीपाते: Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्यतीपात (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; योग-विशेषः

• अयने: at the ayana (solstice)
• अयने: Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अयन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; ‘अयने’ (at solstice/ayana)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction)

• एव: indeed/also
• एव: Sambandha (Emphasis/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधारण (emphasis)

• चन्द्रसूर्यग्रहे: at lunar/solar eclipse
• चन्द्रसूर्यग्रहे: Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक) + सूर्य (प्रातिपदिक) + ग्रह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; द्वन्द्वसमासः ‘चन्द्रश्च सूर्यश्च’ इति; ‘ग्रह’ = ग्रहण (eclipse)

• शिव: O Śiva
• शिव: Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शिव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th), एकवचन

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in discourse to Garuda; vocative 'O Śiva' appears as a traditional address within the verse)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Vishnu worship on dvādaśī is prescribed in both fortnights; extraordinary astronomical junctions are also fit for intensified observance.

Vedantic Theme: Bhakti supported by kāla-viśeṣa: devotion becomes more potent when aligned with sacred temporal thresholds; īśvara-smaraṇa during cosmic events steadies the mind.

Application: Observe Dvādaśī with Vishnu pūjā/vrata; during eclipses/solstices, prioritize japa, dāna, and sattvic restraint; follow local tradition for eclipse conduct while keeping the focus on Hari-smaraṇa.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Geographic Context

Type: temple/household altar

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.43.6 (tithi order); Garuda Purana 1.43.8 (Vishnu worship and daily pavitra; rainy season necessity)

Characters & Entities

• Vishnu
• Shiva
• Chandra
• Surya

FAQs

What is the importance of Dvādaśī in the Garuda Purana?

This verse highlights Dvādaśī as a key tithi for performing rites dedicated to Viṣṇu, suitable in both the bright and dark fortnights.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

Indirectly: by emphasizing correct timing of Viṣṇu-oriented observances, it points to dharmic practice as supportive of auspicious outcomes and spiritual progress.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Observe Dvādaśī with Viṣṇu worship (prayer, fasting/discipline, charity), and treat eclipses/ayana/Vyatīpāta as spiritually significant times for focused sādhana rather than ordinary activity.