Shloka 22

Saṃsāra-cakra, Preta’s 12-day Transit to Yama, Re-embodiment, and Karma-Vipāka Catalog of Sins and Rebirths

शूद्रस्तु ब्राह्मणीं गत्वा कृमियोनौ प्रजायते / तस्यामपत्यमुत्पाद्य काष्ठान्तः कटीको भवेत्

śūdrastu brāhmaṇīṃ gatvā kṛmiyonau prajāyate / tasyāmapatyamutpādya kāṣṭhāntaḥ kaṭīko bhavet

But if a Śūdra approaches a Brāhmaṇī, he is born in the womb of worms; and having produced offspring through her, he becomes a kaṭīka, condemned to dwell within wood in a degraded, immobilized form of existence.

शूद्रःa Śūdra man
शूद्रः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootशूद्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
तुindeed/but
तु:
Sambandha (Discourse particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle), अवधान/विरोधार्थ
ब्राह्मणीम्a Brahmin woman
ब्राह्मणीम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मणी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
गत्वाhaving gone to/approached
गत्वा:
Kriya-vishesana (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Root√गम् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त अव्यय (gerund): ‘having gone/approached’
कृमियोनौin the womb/species of a worm
कृमियोनौ:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootकृमि + योनि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (kṛmeḥ yoniḥ)
प्रजायतेis born
प्रजायते:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-√जन् (धातु)
Formलट्, आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
तस्याम्in her
तस्याम्:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; सर्वनाम (locative: ‘in her’)
अपत्यम्offspring/child
अपत्यम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootअपत्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
उत्पाद्यhaving produced
उत्पाद्य:
Kriya-vishesana (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउत्-√पद्/√पाद् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त अव्यय (gerund): ‘having produced/caused to be born’
काष्ठान्तःthe inside of wood
काष्ठान्तः:
Karta (Predicate nominative/कर्ता-रूप)
TypeNoun
Rootकाष्ठ + अन्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (kāṣṭhasya antaḥ)
कटीकःa wood-boring insect (kaṭīka)
कटीकः:
Karta (Predicate nominative/कर्ता-रूप)
TypeNoun
Rootकटीक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
भवेत्would become
भवेत्:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√भू (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

Lord Vishnu (in instruction to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Afterlife Stage: Pretayoni

Concept: Violation of prescribed sexual boundaries (as presented here) produces severe karmic contraction into low, constrained embodiments; producing offspring intensifies the karmic entanglement.

Vedantic Theme: Karma-bandha through adharma and saṃskāra multiplication; actions that disturb perceived social-ritual order deepen bondage and tamas.

Application: Within the text’s framework: uphold socially prescribed marital boundaries; more broadly: avoid exploitative/forbidden relationships and the harms they cause; cultivate responsibility and restraint.

Primary Rasa: bibhatsa

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

Related Themes: Garuda Purana discussions of varṇa-saṅkara anxieties and sexual transgressions leading to low births (thematic); Adjacent yoni-phala verses 1.225.18–21

S
Shudra
B
Brahmani
K
Kṛmi (worms)

FAQs

This verse frames prohibited sexual relations as a serious breach of dharma with tangible karmic consequences, emphasizing moral restraint as essential to avoid degraded rebirths.

It presents karma as shaping future embodiment: the offender is said to fall into extremely low births (worm-womb) and further degraded states, illustrating the Purana’s cause-and-effect ethic.

Treat relationships as a domain of dharma—practice consent, fidelity, and ethical conduct, and avoid exploitative or socially harmful behavior that the text classifies as adharma.