Shloka 147

Ācāra-Nirṇaya: Varṇa-Āśrama Dharma, Śauca, Snāna, Sandhyā, Japa, Tarpaṇa, and Gṛhastha-Dinacaryā

Devanagari script

पञ्चमे च तथा भागे संविभागो यथार्थतः / पितृदे वमनुष्याणां कोटीनां चोपदिश्यते

Transliteration

pañcame ca tathā bhāge saṃvibhāgo yathārthataḥ / pitṛde vamanuṣyāṇāṃ koṭīnāṃ copadiśyate

Translation

Likewise, in the fifth portion, the distribution is taught exactly as it truly is—the allotted shares for the Pitṛs, for the Devas, and for human beings, even reckoned in koṭis (vast multitudes).

Word by Word

• पञ्चमे: in the fifth
• पञ्चमे: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पञ्चम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (locative adjective)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-निपात (conjunction/particle)

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; प्रकारवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (adverb of manner)

• भागे: in the portion/share
• भागे: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भाग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन

• संविभागः: distribution/allotment
• संविभागः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: संविभाग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन

• यथार्थतः: as it truly is
• यथार्थतः: Sambandha (Manner/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथार्थतः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त क्रियाविशेषण (adverb: 'in accordance with truth/meaning')

• पितृदेवमनुष्याणाम्: of the Pitṛs, gods, and humans
• पितृदेवमनुष्याणाम्: Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ + देव + मनुष्य (प्रातिपदिकानि)
• Form: द्वन्द्वसमासः; पुंलिङ्गे, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), बहुवचन

• कोटीनाम्: of crores
• कोटीनाम्: Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कोटि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गे, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-निपात (conjunction/particle)

• उपदिश्यते: is taught/indicated
• उपदिश्यते: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप + दिश् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकारः (Present), प्रथमपुरुषः (3rd person), एकवचन; आत्मनेपदम्; कर्मणि प्रयोगः (passive)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu

Shraddha Ritual

Ritual Type: Parvana

Beneficiary: Pitr

Timing: Śrāddha/anna-vibhāga context; applicable on pitṛ-kārya days including amāvāsyā or prescribed śrāddha occasions.

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Right distribution of shares to Pitṛs, Devas, and humans as per prescribed order and measure.

Vedantic Theme: Ṛta/dharma as harmonizing principle sustaining loka-saṅgraha.

Application: In offerings/feasts, allocate portions correctly—honor ancestors and deities before personal consumption; maintain fairness and ritual propriety.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana (Preta/Śrāddha-related sections): general doctrine of bhāga-vibhāga for pitṛ-devatā-manushya; Garuda Purana: annadāna-mahātmyas and śrāddha-vidhi passages nearby in the same adhyāya cluster

Characters & Entities

• Pitris
• Devas
• Humans

FAQs

What is the importance of accurate distribution (saṃvibhāga) in the Garuda Purana?

This verse stresses that ritual and cosmological allotments—especially regarding Pitṛs, Devas, and humans—are to be understood and performed precisely ‘as they truly are,’ implying correct procedure and right intention.

How does this verse relate to the soul’s journey after death?

By highlighting prescribed shares for Pitṛs and Devas, it points to the ritual ecology surrounding death rites—offerings and duties that support ancestral welfare and uphold dharma, which in turn is connected to post-death outcomes described elsewhere in the text.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Perform śrāddha and ancestral offerings with clarity and correctness—understanding whom the offering is for (Pitṛs/Devas) and following authentic guidance rather than improvisation.