Shloka 10

Kuṣṭha-bheda-lakṣaṇa-nidāna and Śvitra (Kilāsa) Prognosis

Devanagari script

सर्वेभ्यः काकणं पूर्वत्रिकं दद्रु सकाकणम् / पुण्डरीकर्यजिह्वे च महाकुष्ठानि सप्त तु

Transliteration

sarvebhyaḥ kākaṇaṃ pūrvatrikaṃ dadru sakākaṇam / puṇḍarīkaryajihve ca mahākuṣṭhāni sapta tu

Translation

Among them, the first three are Kākaṇa, Dadrū, and Sakākaṇa. Also counted among the great forms are Puṇḍarīka and Ṛjijihvā. Thus, in all, there are seven kinds of mahā-kuṣṭha (great kuṣṭhas).

Word by Word

• सर्वेभ्यः: from all (of these)
• सर्वेभ्यः: Apadana (Source/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्व (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (5th/Ablative), बहुवचन

• काकणम्: kākaṇa (a type)
• काकणम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: काकण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• पूर्वत्रिकम्: the earlier triad
• पूर्वत्रिकम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पूर्व (प्रातिपदिक) + त्रिक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (पूर्वं त्रिकम् = earlier triad)

• दद्रु: dadru/dadrū (a type)
• दद्रु: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दद्रु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन (रूपान्तर/पाठभेदः; दद्रू-शब्दस्य)

• सकाकणम्: together with kākaṇa
• सकाकणम्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स (उपसर्ग/प्रातिपदिक ‘सह’) + काकण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (काकणेन सह)

• पुण्डरीक: puṇḍarīka
• पुण्डरीक: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुण्डरीक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्विवचन/एकवचन-समाहार (समासाङ्ग)

• अर्यजिह्वे: aryajihvā (a type)
• अर्यजिह्वे: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्यजिह्वा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-द्विवचन (1st/Nominative Dual); तत्पुरुष (अर्यस्य जिह्वा इव/अर्य-जिह्वा नाम)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (Connector/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, समुच्चय (conjunction)

• महाकुष्ठानि: great leprosies (major types)
• महाकुष्ठानि: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महा (प्रातिपदिक) + कुष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; कर्मधारय (महानि कुष्ठानि)

• सप्त: seven
• सप्त: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सप्त (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; महाकुष्ठानि इति विशेषण (numeral)

• तु: indeed/but
• तु: Sambandha-bodhaka (Particle/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, निपात (but/indeed)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (teaching Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Medical Ayurveda

Dosha: Vata/Pitta/Kapha

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Certain named forms are identified as major (mahā-kuṣṭha) and totalled as seven.

Vedantic Theme: Saṃkhyāna (enumerative knowledge) as a tool of clarity; ordering phenomena reduces confusion and supports right action.

Application: Use the ‘major’ category to prioritize seriousness, vigilance, and timely treatment.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.164.6-9 (preceding subtype lists that feed into the mahā-kuṣṭha grouping)

Characters & Entities

• Garuda

FAQs

What is the importance of listing mahā-kuṣṭhas in the Garuda Purana?

This verse preserves a traditional classification of severe skin disorders (mahā-kuṣṭha), used in dharma-ethical and karmic discussions about suffering and its causes.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

Indirectly: by cataloging forms of suffering experienced in embodied life, it supports the Purana’s broader teaching that actions (karma) can manifest as specific afflictions, encouraging purification and right conduct.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Use it as a prompt for ethical self-audit and compassionate care—avoid harming others, practice cleanliness and restraint, and seek timely medical help while cultivating prayer/charity as corrective disciplines.