Shloka 3

Visarpa Nidāna-Lakṣaṇa

Causes, Types, and Prognosis of Rapidly Spreading Eruptive Disorders

Devanagari script

प्रकोपनैः प्रकुपिता विशेषेण विदाहिभिः / देहे शीघ्रं विशन्तीह ते ऽन्तरे हि स्थिता बहिः

Transliteration

prakopanaiḥ prakupitā viśeṣeṇa vidāhibhiḥ / dehe śīghraṃ viśantīha te 'ntare hi sthitā bahiḥ

Translation

Aggravated by provoking factors—especially those that bring burning and irritation—the doṣas swiftly enter and spread through the body, moving from within while manifesting outwardly.

Word by Word

• प्रकोपनैः: by aggravating factors
• प्रकोपनैः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रकोपन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन

• प्रकुपिताः: aggravated
• प्रकुपिताः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्र-√कुप् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; भूतकर्मणि कृदन्तः (past passive participle)

• विशेषेण: especially
• विशेषेण: Sambandha (Manner/प्रकार)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विशेष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; अव्ययभावे ‘especially’

• विदाहिभिः: burning/causing burning
• विदाहिभिः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विदाहिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन; विशेषणम् (प्रकोपनैः)

• देहे: in the body
• देहे: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन

• शीघ्रम्: quickly
• शीघ्रम्: Sambandha (Manner/प्रकार)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: शीघ्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: क्रियाविशेषणवत् नपुंसक-द्वितीया-एकवचन (adverbial accusative)

• विशन्ति: enter
• विशन्ति: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √विश् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

• इह: here
• इह: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इह (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक-अव्यय (adverb)

• ते: they (those doṣas)
• ते: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; सर्वनाम

• अन्तरे: inside/within
• अन्तरे: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन

• हि: indeed/for
• हि: Sambandha (Discourse marker/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात/अव्यय (emphasis/causal)

• स्थिताः: being situated
• स्थिताः: Karta (Subject complement/कर्तृसम्बन्ध)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √स्था (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; भूतकर्मणि कृदन्तः (past passive participle)

• बहिः: outward/outside
• बहिः: Sambandha (Direction/दिशा)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: बहिः (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक-अव्यय (adverb)

Speaker

Dhanvantari

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Pathogenesis: doṣas, provoked especially by burning/irritant factors, swiftly permeate the body—internally rooted yet externally expressed.

Vedantic Theme: Hidden causes producing visible effects; subtle-to-gross manifestation (from antar to bahir) as a general explanatory pattern.

Application: Avoid vidāhi (burning/irritant) provocatives; intervene early to prevent systemic spread; treat both internal doṣa imbalance and external presentation.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: raudra

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.163.4 (specific triggers: thirst, urge suppression/irregularity, agni decline)

Characters & Entities

• Dhanvantari

FAQs

What is the importance of ‘vidāhi’ factors in the Garuda Purana’s medical teaching?

The verse highlights burning/irritating provocations as key accelerants of doṣa aggravation, explaining why the condition can spread rapidly.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

It does not describe the soul’s journey; it describes disease spread (doṣa movement) and outward manifestation in a medical context.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Avoid heat/irritant triggers that worsen inflammatory skin issues and seek prompt treatment when symptoms spread quickly.