Shloka 30

Pāṇḍu-Śotha Nidāna: Doṣa-wise Signs, Complications, and Prognosis

Devanagari script

तत्पूर्वरूपं क्षवथुः शिरायामङ्गगौरवम् / वाताच्छोथश्चलो रूक्षः खररोमारुणो ऽसितः

Transliteration

tatpūrvarūpaṃ kṣavathuḥ śirāyāmaṅgagauravam / vātācchothaścalo rūkṣaḥ khararomāruṇo 'sitaḥ

Translation

Its preliminary signs are sneezing, pain of the head, and heaviness of the limbs. Thereafter, when vāta (wind) is deranged, a swelling arises—restless and dry—with hairs standing on end, appearing reddish and dark.

Word by Word

• तत्: that (it)
• तत्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• पूर्वरूपम्: preliminary sign
• पूर्वरूपम्: Pradhana-predicative (विधेय)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पूर्व (प्रातिपदिक) + रूप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (पूर्वस्य रूपम् = preliminary sign)

• क्षवथुः: sneezing
• क्षवथुः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षवथु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• शिरायाम्: in the vein/artery
• शिरायाम्: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शिरा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन

• अङ्गगौरवम्: heaviness of the limbs
• अङ्गगौरवम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अङ्ग (प्रातिपदिक) + गौरव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (अङ्गस्य गौरवम् = heaviness of limbs)

• वातात्: from vāta (wind-doṣa)
• वातात्: Apadana (Source/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वात (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/Ablative), एकवचन

• शोथः: swelling
• शोथः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शोथ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• चलः: mobile, shifting
• चलः: Visheshana (Adjective/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (शोथस्य)

• रूक्षः: dry, rough
• रूक्षः: Visheshana (Adjective/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रूक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (शोथस्य)

• खररोमारुणः: reddish with bristling/rough hair
• खररोमारुणः: Visheshana (Adjective/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: खर (प्रातिपदिक) + रोम (प्रातिपदिक) + अरुण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; कर्मधारय-समासः (खरं रोम यस्य/खररोमः; अरुणः इति वर्णः) विशेषणम् (शोथस्य)

• असितः: dark, blackish
• असितः: Visheshana (Adjective/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: असित (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (शोथस्य)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in dialogue instruction to Garuda)

Medical Ayurveda

Dosha: Vata

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Clinical discernment through pūrvarūpa (preliminary signs) and doṣa-lakṣaṇa (vāta features) to recognize disease progression.

Vedantic Theme: Deha-anityatā (the body’s vulnerability/impermanence) as a prompt for vigilance and right knowledge.

Application: Observe early symptoms; identify vāta qualities (rūkṣa, cala) and seek timely pacification (snehana, svedana, rest) before swelling worsens.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.162 (Ayurveda/roga-lakṣaṇa section): subsequent verses on pitta features and management; Garuda Purana 1.161–1.163 (contextual medical discourse on doṣas and symptoms)

Characters & Entities

• Vata (Vāyu-doṣa)

FAQs

What is the importance of recognizing pūrvarūpa (preliminary signs) in the Garuda Purana?

This verse emphasizes that early warning signs—like sneezing, head discomfort, and limb-heaviness—help identify an approaching disorder, enabling timely corrective measures.

How does this verse explain vāta-related swelling (chotha)?

It characterizes vāta-driven swelling as restless/migratory and dry, with hair standing on end and a reddish-to-dark coloration—technical markers used to distinguish it from other causes.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Treat recurring early symptoms as actionable signals: reduce aggravating factors (overexertion, dryness, irregular routine) and seek appropriate care before the condition intensifies.