Shloka 5

Rajayakshma Nidana: Causes, Pathogenesis, Symptoms, and Prognosis

Devanagari script

अन्नपानविधित्यागश्चत्वारस्तस्यहेतवः / तैरुदीर्णो ऽनिलः पित्तं व्यर्थं चोदीर्य सर्वतः

Transliteration

annapānavidhityāgaścatvārastasyahetavaḥ / tairudīrṇo 'nilaḥ pittaṃ vyarthaṃ codīrya sarvataḥ

Translation

Neglect of the proper ordinances of eating and drinking has four causes. By these the bodily wind (vāta) is provoked; it then stirs up bile (pitta) and spreads vain, disorderly agitation throughout the whole system.

Word by Word

• अन्नपानविधित्यागः: abandonment of the prescribed rules regarding food and drink
• अन्नपानविधित्यागः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्न (प्रातिपदिक) + पान (प्रातिपदिक) + विधि (प्रातिपदिक) + त्याग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष/समाहारार्थः—‘अन्नपानविधेः त्यागः’ (genitive-determinative)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• चत्वारः: four
• चत्वारः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चतुर् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; संख्यावाचक (cardinal numeral)

• तस्य: of that (of him/it)
• तस्य: Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन; सर्वनाम (pronoun)

• हेतवः: causes
• हेतवः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हेतु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन

• तैः: by those (causes)
• तैः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन; सर्वनाम

• उदीर्णः: aggravated, risen
• उदीर्णः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उद्-ईर् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त प्रत्यय)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (past passive participle, क्त); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; ‘उदीर्ण’ = उद्भूत/प्रवृद्ध

• अनिलः: wind (vāta)
• अनिलः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनिल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• पित्तम्: bile (pitta)
• पित्तम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पित्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन

• व्यर्थम्: vainly, improperly
• व्यर्थम्: Kriya-vishesana (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: व्यर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; क्रियाविशेषणवत् प्रयोगः (adverbial accusative)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• उदीर्य: having excited/raised
• उदीर्य: Purvakala (Prior action/पूर्वकाल)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उद्-ईर् (धातु) + ल्यप् (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय)
• Form: अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund/absolutive, ल्यप्); ‘उदीर्य’ = ‘उदीर्य/उत्पाद्य’ (having excited/caused to rise)

• सर्वतः: on all sides, everywhere
• सर्वतः: Desha/Prakara (Adverbial/देश-प्रकार)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक) + तस् (तद्धित)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb); सर्वतः = सर्वदिक्/सर्वप्रकारेण

Speaker

Lord Vishnu

Medical Ayurveda

Dosha: Vata

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Ahara-vidhi (proper discipline of eating/drinking) as a foundation for bodily order; negligence deranges vāta and thereby pitta and the whole system.

Vedantic Theme: Sharira as sadhana-instrument (śarīra-sādhana) requiring regulation; tamas/pramāda (heedlessness) obstructs dharmic living.

Application: Follow consistent, appropriate diet and drinking rules (quantity, timing, suitability); avoid pramāda in meals to prevent vāta aggravation and cascading imbalance.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.152 (Ayurveda/roga-nidana context: vāta-pitta derangement from ahāra-vidhi-tyāga)

Characters & Entities

• Vata (Anila)
• Pitta

FAQs

What is the importance of following food and drink rules (anna-pāna vidhi) in the Garuda Purana?

This verse frames dietary discipline as a dharmic rule: breaking it triggers internal imbalance (vāta and pitta disturbance), which becomes the root of broader disorder in body and conduct.

How does this verse explain suffering or decline in life according to the Garuda Purana?

It links avoidable suffering to causality: specific faults (neglect of proper diet rules) provoke doṣas like vāta and pitta, producing widespread agitation that undermines stability and wellbeing.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Eat and drink with restraint and consistency—follow appropriate timing, quantity, and suitability—so the body remains calm and balanced rather than driven by aggravated vāta/pitta.