Shloka 49

दुर्मद-कुरण्ड-वधः (The Slaying of Durmada and Kuraṇḍa) — Lalitopākhyāna Battle Continuation

Devanagari script

गृध्रयुग्मरथारूढः प्रजहार शिलीमुखैः / तैः सेनापतिभिर्दुष्टैः प्रोत्साहितमथाहवे

Transliteration

gṛdhrayugmarathārūḍhaḥ prajahāra śilīmukhaiḥ / taiḥ senāpatibhirduṣṭaiḥ protsāhitamathāhave

Translation

Mounted on a chariot drawn by a pair of vultures, he smote with śilīmukha arrows; and in the fray he was spurred on and inflamed by those wicked commanders.

Word by Word

• gṛdhra-yugma-ratha-ārūḍhaḥ: mounted on a chariot yoked with a pair of vultures
• gṛdhra-yugma-ratha-ārūḍhaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: gṛdhra + yugma + ratha + ārūḍha (कृदन्त; ā-ruh धातु)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Ekavacana; kta-participle used adjectivally; compound: ‘mounted on a chariot (ratha) yoked with a pair (yugma) of vultures (gṛdhra)’

• prajahāra: struck, attacked
• prajahāra: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: hṛ (हृ धातु)
• Form: Liṭ (लिट्, perfect), Parasmaipada, Prathama puruṣa (3rd), Ekavacana; with prefix pra-

• śilīmukhaiḥ: with arrows
• śilīmukhaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śilīmukha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā (3rd/instrumental), Bahuvacana

• taiḥ: by them
• taiḥ: Karaṇa/Hetu (करण/हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (तद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā (3rd), Bahuvacana

• senāpatibhiḥ: by the commanders
• senāpatibhiḥ: Karaṇa/Hetu (करण/हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: senāpati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā (3rd), Bahuvacana; compound: सेना + पति (lord of army)

• duṣṭaiḥ: wicked
• duṣṭaiḥ: Viśeṣaṇa of Hetu/Karaṇa (करणविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: duṣṭa (कृदन्त; duṣ धातु)
• Form: Kta-participle (क्त) used adjectivally; Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā (3rd), Bahuvacana; agrees with senāpatibhiḥ

• protsāhitam: encouraged, urged on
• protsāhitam: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa / Bhāva (भाव)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: protsāhita (कृदन्त; pra-ut-√sah/√sāh causative sense)
• Form: Kta-participle (क्त), Napumsaka, Prathamā/Dvitīyā Ekavacana; used predicatively ‘encouraged/urged on’ (context implies the subject was encouraged)

• atha: then
• atha: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: atha (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, discourse particle (अनन्तरार्थक)

• āhave: in battle
• āhave: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: āhava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Saptamī (7th/locative), Ekavacana