Shloka 23
लोकज्ञान-वर्णन (Lokajñāna-varṇana) — Description of World-Knowledge / Cosmogonic Classification
Devanagari script
ज्योत्स्ना संध्याहनी चैव सत्त्वमात्रात्मकं त्रयम् / तमोमात्रात्मिका रात्रिः सा वै तस्मान्नियामिका
Transliteration
jyotsnā saṃdhyāhanī caiva sattvamātrātmakaṃ trayam / tamomātrātmikā rātriḥ sā vai tasmānniyāmikā
Translation
Moonlight, twilight, and day—these three are of the nature of sattva alone. Night is of the nature of tamas alone; therefore it serves as the restraining regulator.
Word by Word
jyotsnāmoonlight
jyotsnā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootjyotsnā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Prathamā (1), Ekavacana
saṃdhyā-ahanītwilight and day
saṃdhyā-ahanī:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsaṃdhyā (प्रातिपदिक) + ahan (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Prathamā (1), Dvivacana; itaretara-dvandva
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; conjunction
evaindeed
eva:
Sambandha-bodhaka (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; emphatic particle
sattva-mātrā-ātmakamconsisting only of sattva
sattva-mātrā-ātmakam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsattva (प्रातिपदिक) + mātrā (प्रातिपदिक) + ātmaka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग, Prathamā (1), Ekavacana; viśeṣaṇa of trayam
trayama triad (threefold group)
trayam:
Karta (कर्ता) (predicate nominal)
TypeNoun
Roottraya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग, Prathamā (1), Ekavacana; collective numeral noun
tamo-mātrā-ātmikāconsisting only of tamas
tamo-mātrā-ātmikā:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roottamas (प्रातिपदिक) + mātrā (प्रातिपदिक) + ātmika (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Prathamā (1), Ekavacana; viśeṣaṇa
rātriḥnight
rātriḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootrātri (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Prathamā (1), Ekavacana
sāthat (she)
sā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Prathamā (1), Ekavacana
vaiindeed
vai:
Sambandha-bodhaka (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvai (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; emphatic particle
tasmāttherefore/from that
tasmāt:
Apādāna (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga/Napuṃsaka, Pañcamī (5), Ekavacana; apādāna (cause/source)
niyāmikācontroller/regulator
niyāmikā:
Pradhāna-nāma (प्रधाना संज्ञा / predicate)
TypeNoun
Rootniyāmikā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Prathamā (1), Ekavacana; predicate noun