Shloka 5
Pṛthivī-dohaṇa (The Milking of the Earth) and the Praise of King Pṛthu
Devanagari script
चातुर्वर्णमयसमाकीर्णा रक्षिता तेन धीमता / एवंप्रभावोराजासीद्वैन्यः सद्विजसत्तमाः
Transliteration
cāturvarṇamayasamākīrṇā rakṣitā tena dhīmatā / evaṃprabhāvorājāsīdvainyaḥ sadvijasattamāḥ
Translation
She (the Earth) was filled with the four varṇas and was protected by that wise one (Pṛthu); O best of the twice-born, such indeed was the might and splendor of King Vainya.
Word by Word
cātur-varṇa-mayāconsisting of the four varṇas
cātur-varṇa-mayā:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootcātur-varṇa-maya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; adjective qualifying (pṛthivī) understood
samākīrṇāfilled; populated
samākīrṇā:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsam-ā-√kṝ (धातु) + kta (कृदन्त)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; ‘filled/crowded’
rakṣitāwas protected
rakṣitā:
Kriya (क्रिया; participial predicate)
TypeVerb
Root√rakṣ (धातु) + kta (कृदन्त)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; passive participle ‘was protected’
tenaby him
tena:
Kartr (कर्ता; agent)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; instrumental referring to Pṛthu/Vainya
dhīmatāby the wise (one)
dhīmatā:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdhīmat (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; adjective qualifying tena
evam-prabhāvaḥof such power/effect
evam-prabhāvaḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootevam-prabhāva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; adjective qualifying rājā/vainyaḥ
rājāking
rājā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootrājan (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
āsītwas
āsīt:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√as (धातु)
Formलङ् (Imperfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
vainyaḥVainya
vainyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootvainya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; apposition to rājā
sat-dvija-sattamāḥO best of the virtuous twice-born
sat-dvija-sattamāḥ:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootsat-dvija-sattama (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; संबोधनार्थे/प्रथमा-बहुवचन used to address audience (best of good twice-born)