Shloka 2
Pṛthivī-dohaṇa (The Milking of the Earth) and the Praise of King Pṛthu
Devanagari script
मधुकैटभयोः पूर्वं मेदसा संपरिप्लुता / तेनेयं मेदिनीत्युक्ता निरुक्त्या ब्रह्मवादिभिः
Transliteration
madhukaiṭabhayoḥ pūrvaṃ medasā saṃpariplutā / teneyaṃ medinītyuktā niruktyā brahmavādibhiḥ
Translation
Before the time of Madhu and Kaiṭabha, this earth was wholly flooded with medas—fatness; therefore the brahmavādins, by nirukti (sacred etymology), spoke of her as “Medinī.”
Word by Word
madhu-kaiṭabhayoḥof Madhu and Kaiṭabha
madhu-kaiṭabhayoḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootmadhu-kaiṭabha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), द्विवचन; dual genitive ‘of Madhu and Kaiṭabha’
pūrvamformerly; before
pūrvam:
Kala (काल)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpūrva (प्रातिपदिक/अव्ययीभाव-प्रयोग)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (adverb: formerly/before)
medasāwith fat; by fat
medasā:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootmedas (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन; instrumental
saṃpariplutācompletely flooded/covered
saṃpariplutā:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsaṃ-pari-√plu (धातु) + kta (कृदन्त)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; qualifying iyam (earth)
tenatherefore; by that
tena:
Hetu (हेतु)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; instrumental ‘by that/therefore’
iyamthis (earth)
iyam:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
medinīMedinī (the Earth)
medinī:
Karma (कर्म; naming/predicate)
TypeNoun
Rootmedinī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; name of Earth
itithus
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/quotative)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
Formquotation-marker/particle
uktāis called/said
uktā:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√vac (धातु) + kta (कृदन्त)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; passive participle used predicatively ‘is said/called’
niruktyāby etymological explanation
niruktyā:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootnirukti (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; instrumental ‘by etymology’
brahma-vādibhiḥby the expounders of Brahman (theologians)
brahma-vādibhiḥ:
Kartr (कर्ता; agent in passive)
TypeNoun
Rootbrahma-vādin (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; instrumental plural