Brahmanda Purana — Prakriya Pada, Shloka 64
Yuga-Vibhāga and Kāla-Pramāṇa
Measures of Time and the Four Yugas
Devanagari script
प्रजानां रञ्जनाच्चैव राजानस्ते ऽभवन्नृपाः / प्रच्छन्न पापास्तैर्ये च न शक्यास्तु नराधिपैः
Transliteration
prajānāṃ rañjanāccaiva rājānaste 'bhavannṛpāḥ / pracchanna pāpāstairye ca na śakyāstu narādhipaiḥ
Translation
Because they delighted the people, those kings came to be called nṛpas; and they restrained even hidden sins that other rulers could not curb.
Word by Word
प्रजानाम्of the subjects; of the people
प्रजानाम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th case), बहुवचन
रञ्जनात्from pleasing; due to delighting
रञ्जनात्:
Hetu (हेतु/Cause)
TypeNoun
Rootरञ्जन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th case), एकवचन; हेत्वर्थ (cause)
चand
च:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction)
एवindeed; just
एव:
Nipata (निपात/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अवधारण (emphatic particle)
राजानःkings
राजानः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), बहुवचन
तेthey
ते:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), बहुवचन; सर्वनाम
अभवन्became
अभवन्:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√भू (धातु)
Formलङ् (imperfect/past), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन; परस्मैपद
नृपाःrulers; kings
नृपाः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
TypeNoun
Rootनृप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), बहुवचन; विधेय (predicate noun)
प्रच्छन्नपापाःhaving concealed sins; sin-hidden
प्रच्छन्नपापाः:
Karta-anvaya (कर्ता-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रच्छन्न-पाप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), बहुवचन; समासः: कर्मधारय (प्रच्छन्नाः पापाः येषां/प्रच्छन्नं पापं येषां)
तैःby them
तैः:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd case), बहुवचन; करण/सह (instrumental)
येwho
ये:
Karta (कर्ता/relative subject)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), बहुवचन; सम्बन्धबोधक (relative pronoun)
चand
च:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction)
नnot
न:
Nishedha (निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निषेध (negation particle)
शक्याःpossible; able to be (done)
शक्याः:
Kriya (क्रिया/possibility)
TypeAdjective
Root√शक् (धातु) + यत् (कृदन्त-प्रत्यय)
Formशक्य (potential/gerundive, यत्), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), बहुवचन; विधेय-विशेषण
तुbut
तु:
Nipata (निपात/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; विरोध/अन्वय (adversative particle)
नराधिपैःby the lords of men; by kings
नराधिपैः:
Karana (करण/Instrument; agent in passive sense)
TypeNoun
Rootनर-अधिप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd case), बहुवचन; समासः: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (नराणाम् अधिपैः)