Shloka 3
Āditya-vyūha-kīrtana
Praise/Account of the Solar Array and Celestial Motions
Devanagari script
ऋषय ऋचुः / भ्रमन्ति कथमेतानि ज्योतीषि दिवमण्डलम् / अव्यूहेन च सर्वाणि तथैवासंकरेण वा
Transliteration
ṛṣaya ṛcuḥ / bhramanti kathametāni jyotīṣi divamaṇḍalam / avyūhena ca sarvāṇi tathaivāsaṃkareṇa vā
Translation
The seers said: how do these luminaries revolve within the circle of heaven? Do they all move without any ordered formation, or do they proceed without intermingling and confusion?
Word by Word
ṛṣayaḥthe sages
ṛṣayaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootṛṣi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural
ūcuḥsaid
ūcuḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (वच् धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural; Parasmaipada
bhramantithey move/rotate
bhramanti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootbhram (भ्रम् धातु)
FormPresent (लट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural; Parasmaipada
kathamhow
katham:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkatham (अव्यय)
FormInterrogative adverb (प्रश्न-अव्यय)
etānithese (things)
etāni:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural
jyotīṃṣiluminaries
jyotīṃṣi:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootjyotis (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative (प्रथमा/द्वितीया), Plural
diva-maṇḍalamthe celestial sphere
diva-maṇḍalam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootdivamaṇḍala (प्रातिपदिक) [divaḥ + maṇḍala]
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; तत्पुरुषः—‘दिवः मण्डलम्’
a-vyūhenawithout arrangement/formation
a-vyūhena:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootavyūha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular; a- (neg.) + vyūha
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चय)
sarvāṇiall
sarvāṇi:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsarva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative Plural; agrees with jyotīṃṣi/etāni
tathāthus/so
tathā:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (क्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय)
evaindeed
eva:
Sambandha/Discourse particle (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
FormEmphatic particle (अवधारण)
a-saṃkareṇawithout intermixture/confusion
a-saṃkareṇa:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootasaṃkara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular; a- (neg.) + saṃkara
vāor
vā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvā (अव्यय)
FormDisjunctive particle (विकल्प)