Shloka 23
Devanagari script
संवत्सरसुतो ह्यग्नि ऋत इत्युच्यते बुधैः / ऋतात्तु ऋतवो यस्माज्जज्ञिरे ऋतवस्ततः
Transliteration
saṃvatsarasuto hyagni ṛta ityucyate budhaiḥ / ṛtāttu ṛtavo yasmājjajñire ṛtavastataḥ
Translation
Agni, the son of Saṃvatsara, is called Ṛta by the wise—the sacred order. From Ṛta the seasons were born; therefore they are known as Ṛtavaḥ.
Word by Word
संवत्सर-सुतःthe son of Saṃvatsara
संवत्सर-सुतः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootसंवत्सर + सुत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (षष्ठी): ‘son of the year’
हिindeed
हि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (निपात)
Formनिपात (particle; ‘indeed/for’)
अग्निःAgni (fire)
अग्निः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा, एकवचन
ऋतः(named) Ṛta
ऋतः:
Samānādhikaraṇa (समानाधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootऋत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा, एकवचन; नामरूपेण (as a name)
इतिthus
इति:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formउद्धरण/इत्यर्थक-अव्यय (quotative particle)
उच्यतेis called
उच्यते:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (present); कर्मणि-प्रयोग (passive); प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
बुधैःby the wise
बुधैः:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootबुध (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; तृतीया (3rd/instrumental), बहुवचन
ऋतात्from Ṛta
ऋतात्:
Apādāna (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootऋत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; पञ्चमी (5th/ablative), एकवचन
तुthen/indeed
तु:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (निपात)
Formनिपात (particle; contrast/emphasis)
ऋतवःthe seasons
ऋतवः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootऋतु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा, बहुवचन
यस्मात्from whom/which
यस्मात्:
Apādāna (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसक; पञ्चमी, एकवचन (relative pronoun: ‘from whom/which’)
जज्ञिरेwere born/arose
जज्ञिरे:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootजन् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (perfect); आत्मनेपद; प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन
ऋतवःthe seasons
ऋतवः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootऋतु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा, बहुवचन
ततःtherefrom
ततः:
Hetu/Apādāna (हेतु/अपादान)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (adverb): ‘therefrom/thereafter’