Shloka 101
Marut-Soma Boon and Nahusha–Yayati Lineage
Marutakanyā–Vamśa-varṇana
Devanagari script
या दुस्त्यजा दुर्मतिभिर्या न जीर्यति जीर्यतः / यैषा प्राणान्तिको रोगस्तां तृष्णां त्यजतः सुखम्
Transliteration
yā dustyajā durmatibhiryā na jīryati jīryataḥ / yaiṣā prāṇāntiko rogastāṃ tṛṣṇāṃ tyajataḥ sukham
Translation
That craving is hard to abandon for the misguided; it does not grow old though one grows old. It is a life-ending disease—one who renounces that thirst finds peace.
Word by Word
yāwhich (she/that)
yā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; relative pronoun
dus-tyajāhard to abandon
dus-tyajā:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdus (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + tyajya (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; gerundive (तव्यत्/यत्—‘to be abandoned’) from √tyaj; with prefix dus- (‘hard to’)
dur-matibhiḥby the foolish/evil-minded
dur-matibhiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdus (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + mati (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Feminine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural; ‘by evil-minded (people)’
yāwhich
yā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; relative pronoun (repetition)
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormNegation particle (निषेध-अव्यय)
jīryatidecays/grows old
jīryati:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootjṝ (धातु)
FormPresent tense (लट्), Ātmanepada, 3rd person (प्रथम-पुरुष), Singular; √jṝ (to decay/age)
jīryataḥof the aging (person)
jīryataḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeVerb
Rootjṝ (धातु)
FormPresent active participle (वर्तमान-कृदन्त/शतृ), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular; from √jṝ; ‘of one who is aging’
yāwhich
yā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; relative pronoun (understood with next clause)
eṣāthis
eṣā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; demonstrative pronoun
prāṇa-antikaḥlife-ending
prāṇa-antikaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootprāṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + antika (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; ‘ending in life/near the end of life’ qualifying rogaḥ
rogaḥdisease
rogaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootroga (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular
tāmthat (her/it)
tām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; demonstrative pronoun
tṛṣṇāmcraving/thirst
tṛṣṇām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottṛṣṇā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; apposition to tām
tyajataḥof one who abandons
tyajataḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeVerb
Roottyaj (धातु)
FormPresent active participle (वर्तमान-कृदन्त/शतृ), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular; from √tyaj; ‘of one who abandons’
sukhamhappiness
sukham:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootsukha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative (1st/2nd—प्रथमा/द्वितीया), Singular; predicate/result