Shloka 42
हिरण्यकशिपुजन्म-तपः-वरप्रभावः
Birth, Austerity, and Boon-Power of Hiraṇyakaśipu
Devanagari script
तेषां प्रधानाश्चत्वारो विक्रान्ताः सुमहाबलाः / सहस्रबाहुः श्रेष्ठो ऽभूद्बाणो राजा प्रतापवान्
Transliteration
teṣāṃ pradhānāścatvāro vikrāntāḥ sumahābalāḥ / sahasrabāhuḥ śreṣṭho 'bhūdbāṇo rājā pratāpavān
Translation
Among them, four were foremost—valiant and of immense might; Sahasrabāhu was the greatest, and King Bāṇa too was radiant in power.
Word by Word
teṣāmof them
teṣām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter (पुं/नपुंसक), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन); pronoun
pradhānāḥchiefs/leaders
pradhānāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootpradhāna (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/अव्यय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक)
catvāraḥfour
catvāraḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootcatvāri (संख्याशब्द-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); numeral adjective
vikrāntāḥvaliant
vikrāntāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootvi + kram (क्रम् धातु)
FormKṛdanta: past active participle (क्त/PPP used adjectivally), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); from √kram with prefix vi-; sense: valiant
sumahābalāḥof very great strength
sumahābalāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsu + mahā + bala (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); समासः—कर्मधारय (su-mahā-bala: very great strength)
sahasrabāhuḥSahasrabāhu (thousand-armed one)
sahasrabāhuḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsahasra + bāhu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); बहुव्रीहि—'one who has a thousand arms'
śreṣṭhaḥbest
śreṣṭhaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootśreṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
abhūtwas/became
abhūt:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootbhū (भू धातु)
FormLaṅ-lakāra (लङ्/imperfect past), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd person/प्रथम), Singular (एकवचन); parasmaipada
bāṇaḥBāṇa
bāṇaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootbāṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
rājāking
rājā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootrājan (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
pratāpavānmighty
pratāpavān:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootpratāpa-vat (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); possessive suffix -वत्