Shloka 24
Vasiṣṭha-gamana
Vasiṣṭha’s Departure / The Episode of Sagara
Devanagari script
भीतास्तस्य नरेश्वरस्य रिपवः केचित्प्रता पानलज्वालामुष्टदृशो विसृज्य वसतिं राज्यं च पुत्रादिभिः / द्विट्सैन्यैः समभिद्रुता वनभुवं संप्राप्य तत्रापि ते ऽस्तैमित्यं समुपागता गिरिगुहासुप्तोत्थितेन द्विषः
Transliteration
bhītāstasya nareśvarasya ripavaḥ kecitpratā pānalajvālāmuṣṭadṛśo visṛjya vasatiṃ rājyaṃ ca putrādibhiḥ / dviṭsainyaiḥ samabhidrutā vanabhuvaṃ saṃprāpya tatrāpi te 'staimityaṃ samupāgatā giriguhāsuptotthitena dviṣaḥ
Translation
Some foes of that sovereign, as though their eyes were scorched by the flames of his prowess, abandoned home and kingdom along with sons and kin and fled. Driven hard by hostile armies, they reached the forest; yet even there they found no stillness, for the enemy—like one roused from sleep in mountain caves—pressed upon them again.
Word by Word
bhītāḥfrightened
bhītāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of ripavaḥ
TypeAdjective
Rootbhīta (कृदन्त, √bhī)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural
tasyaof him
tasya:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular; demonstrative pronoun
nareśvarasyaof the lord of men (king)
nareśvarasya:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootnareśvara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular
ripavaḥenemies
ripavaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootripu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural
kecitsome
kecit:
Karta (कर्ता) (subset of ripavaḥ)
TypeNoun
Rootkecit (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; indefinite pronoun
pratāpa-analajvālā-muṣṭa-dṛśaḥfierce-eyed (with blazing fiery glare)
pratāpa-analajvālā-muṣṭa-dṛśaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of kecit
TypeAdjective
Rootpratāpa (प्रातिपदिक) + anala (प्रातिपदिक) + jvālā (प्रातिपदिक) + muṣṭa (प्रातिपदिक) + dṛś (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; ‘having eyes (look) like a fistful of blazing fire of valor’ i.e., fierce-eyed; बहुपद-तत्पुरुष used adjectivally
visṛjyahaving left
visṛjya:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvi-√sṛj (धातु)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त/ल्यप्), ‘having abandoned’
vasatimdwelling/home
vasatim:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootvasati (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
rājyamkingdom
rājyam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootrājya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; conjunction (समुच्चय)
putra-ādibhiḥwith sons and others
putra-ādibhiḥ:
Sahakāraka (सहकारक)
TypeNoun
Rootputra (प्रातिपदिक) + ādi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural; ‘with sons and others’
dviṭ-sainyaiḥby enemy forces
dviṭ-sainyaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootdviṭ (प्रातिपदिक) + sainya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural; ‘by enemy armies’
samabhidrutāḥpursued/attacked
samabhidrutāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of te/kecit
TypeAdjective
Rootsam-abhi-√dru (धातु)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; ‘having been chased/assailed’
vana-bhuvamforest region
vana-bhuvam:
Karma (कर्म) (goal)
TypeNoun
Rootvana (प्रातिपदिक) + bhu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; ‘forest-ground’
saṃprāpyahaving reached
saṃprāpya:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootsam-√prāp (धातु)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त/ल्यप्), ‘having reached’
tatrathere
tatra:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottatra (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; adverb of place
apieven/also
api:
Sambandha/Emphasis (निपातार्थ)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; particle (निपात)
tethey
te:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; pronoun
astaimityamrestlessness/agitation
astaimityam:
Karma (कर्म) (state attained)
TypeNoun
Roota-staimitya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; ‘lack of stillness’ i.e., agitation
samupāgatāḥcame to/attained
samupāgatāḥ:
Kriyā-sādhana (क्रियासाधन)
TypeAdjective
Rootsam-upa-√gam (धातु)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; ‘having come to/attained’
giri-guhā-supta-utthitenaby one who rose from sleep in a mountain cave
giri-guhā-supta-utthitena:
Karaṇa/Hetu (करण/हेतु)
TypeNoun
Rootgiri (प्रातिपदिक) + guhā (प्रातिपदिक) + supta (कृदन्त, √svap) + utthita (कृदन्त, √sthā with ut-)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular; ‘by (one) awakened from sleep in a mountain-cave’ (i.e., by an enemy suddenly rising)
dviṣaḥof an enemy
dviṣaḥ:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootdviṣ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular; ‘of the enemy’