Shloka 49
Bhārgava Rāma at Māhiṣmatī: Narmadā-stuti and the Challenge to Kārttavīryārjuna
Devanagari script
त्यक्त्वा रथं भूमिगतं च मङ्गलं परश्वधेनाशु जघान मूर्द्धनि / स भिन्नशीर्षो रुधिरं वमन्मुहुर्मर्च्छामवाप्याथ ममार च क्षणात्
Transliteration
tyaktvā rathaṃ bhūmigataṃ ca maṅgalaṃ paraśvadhenāśu jaghāna mūrddhani / sa bhinnaśīrṣo rudhiraṃ vamanmuhurmarcchāmavāpyātha mamāra ca kṣaṇāt
Translation
Abandoning his chariot and standing on the ground, he quickly struck Mangala on the head with his axe. With his head split open, vomiting blood repeatedly, he fainted and died in an instant.
Word by Word
tyaktvāhaving abandoned
tyaktvā:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Roottyaj (धातु)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त), from √tyaj; expresses prior action (पूर्वक्रिया)
rathamthe chariot
ratham:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootratha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
bhūmi-gatamfallen to the ground
bhūmi-gatam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootbhūmi (प्रातिपदिक) + gata (कृदन्त, √gam धातु)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; tatpuruṣa: bhūmau gataḥ → bhūmigataḥ; agrees with maṅgalam
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction/particle (समुच्चयार्थक निपात)
maṅgalamMaṅgala (proper name)
maṅgalam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootmaṅgala (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
paraśvadhenawith an axe
paraśvadhena:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootparaśvadha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)
āśuquickly
āśu:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootāśu (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (क्रियाविशेषण अव्यय)
jaghānastruck/killed
jaghāna:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Roothan (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
mūrddhanion the head
mūrddhani:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootmūrdhan (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)
saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; pronoun
bhinna-śīrṣaḥone whose head was split
bhinna-śīrṣaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootbhinna (कृदन्त, √bhid धातु) + śīrṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; bahuvrīhi: bhinnaṃ śīrṣaṃ yasya saḥ; qualifies saḥ
rudhiramblood
rudhiram:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootrudhira (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
vamanvomiting
vaman:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियासहचर/participial)
TypeVerb
Rootvam (धातु)
FormPresent active participle (शतृ-प्रत्यय, वर्तमानकाले), Masculine, Nominative, Singular; agrees with saḥ
muhuḥagain and again
muhuḥ:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootmuhuḥ (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (पुनःपुनरर्थक अव्यय)
mūrcchāmfainting/unconsciousness
mūrcchām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootmūrcchā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
avāpyahaving fallen into/attained
avāpya:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootava-āp (धातु)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (ल्यप्-प्रत्ययान्त), from √āp with prefix ava-; prior action
athathen
atha:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootatha (अव्यय)
FormParticle (अनन्तरार्थक निपात)
mamāradied
mamāra:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootmṛ (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Singular
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction/particle (समुच्चयार्थक निपात)
kṣaṇātwithin a moment
kṣaṇāt:
Apādāna (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootkṣaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular