Shloka 1
Nakṣatra-Śrāddha (Ancestral Rites Connected with Asterisms) — नक्षत्रश्राद्धम्
Devanagari script
इति श्री ब्रहामाण्डे महापुराणे वायुप्रोक्ते मध्यभागे तृतीय उपोद्धातपादे श्राद्धकल्पे नक्षत्रश्राद्धं नाम अष्टादशो ऽध्यायः // १८// शंयुरुवाच किं स्विद्दत्तं पितॄणां तु तृप्तिदं वदतां वर / किंस्वित्स्याच्चिररात्राय किं वानन्त्याय कल्पते
Transliteration
iti śrī brahāmāṇḍe mahāpurāṇe vāyuprokte madhyabhāge tṛtīya upoddhātapāde śrāddhakalpe nakṣatraśrāddhaṃ nāma aṣṭādaśo 'dhyāyaḥ // 18// śaṃyuruvāca kiṃ sviddattaṃ pitṝṇāṃ tu tṛptidaṃ vadatāṃ vara / kiṃsvitsyāccirarātrāya kiṃ vānantyāya kalpate
Translation
Thus, in the holy Brahmāṇḍa Mahāpurāṇa, proclaimed by Vāyu, in the middle section—within the third Upoddhāta-pāda of the Śrāddha-kalpa—stands the eighteenth chapter, called “Nakṣatra-Śrāddha.” Śaṃyu said: “O best of speakers, what gift truly satisfies the Pitṛs? What yields lasting fruit, and what leads to merit without end?”
Word by Word
itithus
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
FormQuotative particle (इति-निपात)
śrīholy, venerable
śrī:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootśrī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Indeclinable-like honorific used as prefix; (व्यवहारे अव्ययीभाववत्)
brahmāṇḍein the Brahmāṇḍa (Purāṇa)
brahmāṇḍe:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootbrahmāṇḍa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular
mahāpurāṇein the great Purāṇa
mahāpurāṇe:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootmahāpurāṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular; कर्मधारयः (mahā ca tat purāṇam)
vāyu-proktespoken by Vāyu
vāyu-prokte:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootvāyu + prokta (प्रातिपदिक; prokta from √vac)
FormNeuter, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular; तृतीया/षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः sense: ‘spoken by Vāyu’ (vāyunā prokte) qualifying mahāpurāṇe
madhya-bhāgein the middle section
madhya-bhāge:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootmadhya + bhāga (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (madhyasya bhāgaḥ)
tṛtīyein the third
tṛtīye:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Roottṛtīya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular; ordinal adjective qualifying upoddhātapāde
upoddhāta-pādein the introductory quarter/section
upoddhāta-pāde:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootupoddhāta + pāda (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (upoddhātasya pādaḥ)
śrāddha-kalpein the śrāddha-ritual section
śrāddha-kalpe:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootśrāddha + kalpa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (śrāddhasya kalpaḥ)
nakṣatra-śrāddhamthe ‘nakṣatra-śrāddha’
nakṣatra-śrāddham:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootnakṣatra + śrāddha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (nakṣatrasya śrāddham)
nāmanamed
nāma:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootnāman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormIndeclinable used to denote naming (नाम-निपात)
aṣṭādaśaḥeighteenth
aṣṭādaśaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootaṣṭādaśa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; numeral adjective qualifying adhyāyaḥ; द्विगु (aṣṭa+daśa)
adhyāyaḥchapter
adhyāyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootadhyāya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular
śaṃyuḥŚaṃyu
śaṃyuḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootśaṃyu (प्रातिपदिक; proper noun)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), Parasmaipada, 3rd person (प्रथम-पुरुष), Singular
kimwhat?
kim:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative (1st/2nd), Singular; interrogative pronoun
svitindeed?, I wonder
svit:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsvit (अव्यय)
FormInterrogative particle (निपात) adding uncertainty/emphasis
dattamgiven (offering)
dattam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeVerb
Rootdā (धातु)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular; used substantively ‘that which is given’
pitṝṇāmof/for the ancestors
pitṝṇām:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootpitṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural
tubut, indeed
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात) expressing contrast/emphasis
tṛpti-damgiving satisfaction
tṛpti-dam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roottṛpti + da (प्रातिपदिक; -da ‘giver’)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular; उपपद-तत्पुरुषः (tṛptiṃ dadāti iti) qualifying dattam
vadatāmof you who speak
vadatām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeVerb
Rootvad (धातु)
FormPresent active participle (शतृ) in genitive plural (Masculine/Neuter) used as ‘of those who speak’; here addressing sages
varaO excellent one
vara:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootvara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular
kimwhat?
kim:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular; interrogative
svitindeed?, I wonder
svit:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsvit (अव्यय)
FormInterrogative particle (निपात)
syātwould be
syāt:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootas (धातु)
FormOptative (विधिलिङ्), Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Singular
cira-rātrāyafor long-lasting (benefit)
cira-rātrāya:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootcira + rātra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Dative (4th/चतुर्थी), Singular; कर्मधारयः (cirā rātriḥ)
kimwhat?
kim:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular; interrogative
vāor
vā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvā (अव्यय)
FormDisjunctive particle (विकल्प)
anantyāyafor endlessness, for infinite result
anantyāya:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootanantya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Dative (4th/चतुर्थी), Singular; abstract noun
kalpateis fit/serves, is conducive
kalpate:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootkḷp (धातु)
FormPresent (लट्), Ātmanepada, 3rd person, Singular